Tinkturenpresse

Philodendron solimoesense A.C.Sm. syn. Thaumatophyllum solimoesense (A.C.Sm.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo - Araceae

Hemiepiphyte, often high-climbing, in terra firme or flooded blackwater (igapó) forests or riverine and lacustrine gallery forests, also terrestrial and then erect or prostrate on sandy soils; native to French Guiana, Guyana, Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, West-central and North Brazil; stem climbing or hanging with erect tip in epiphytic plants, erect to prostrate in terrestrial plants, 1-6 m long; foliage leaf scars transverse-elliptic to suborbicular, 2.5-3.5cm in diam.; leaves ~25 cm long, deciduous; petiole 50-100(-114)cm long; inflorescence a peduncle, up to 12cm long; tapering to base, green; spathe 13-31 cm long, ± cylindric, outer surface glossy light green, becoming yellow with ripening of fruits; berries white, orange or red (fide different collectors) with sweet fermenting odour, compressed-subcylindric, 1-1.3cm long and in diam.
Philodendron solimoesense, RBG Kew retrieved 25 June 2025

„Flower adaptations to beetle pollination, as typified in Philodendron solimoesense, include the following: a 2-d flowering period, heat production plus emission of an unpleasant odor, presence of a floral chamber in which pollinators copulate and shelter during one night and day, protogynous inflorescences, offering of food rewards (stigmatic secretions, male sterile flowers), and closure of the inflorescences with pollinator extrusion… Floral thermogenicity is most likely an adaptation to volatilize floral oils that constitute the floral odor that attracts the pollinating beetles.“
[Gibernau, Marc, et al. „Beetle pollination of Philodendron solimoesense (Araceae) in French Guiana.“ International Journal of Plant Sciences 160.6 (1999): 1135-1143]

(R)-1-p-menthene-8-thiol

cis-rose oxide

methyl cis (Z)-jasmonate

The aerial roots give off a wonderful grapefruit-like and woody scent when cutted. „Of the 85 constituents identified by us in this root scent, the key olfactory component proved to be the sulfur analogue of alpha-terpineol, p-menth-1-ene-8-thiol; althoug present at 0.000001%, it contributes the crisp graefruit note… this compound was originally discobered in grapefruit, and it belongs among the most powerful scent components known in nature. Also indispensable for this unique rainforest scent are cis-rose oxide (0.01%) and methyl cis-(Z)-jasmonate (0.02%), together with all the mono- and sesquiterpenes [like e.g. α-pinene (15.7%), limonene (16.7%), α-copaene (11.2%), caryophyllene (16.8%) e.g.].“
[Meaningful Scents around the World, R.Kaiser, 2006, 38-40; 251]

„The floral scent of P.solimoesense is dominated (~ 64%) by (Z)-jasmone, a VOC that is also prevalent in P.fragrantissimum (~ 6.3%). Other major constituents in the floral scent of P. solimoesense are pent-1-en-3-yl acetate (~ 21%) and pent-3-yl acetate (~ 6.8%), both of which found as minor constituents in few other investigated species, and D-limonene (~ 5.7%), a prevalent constituent in floral scent samples of P. pedatum (~ 1.13%).“
[Gibernau, Marc, et al. „Chemical diversity of floral scents in 9 species of Philodendron (Araceae) from French Guiana.“ Botany Letters 170.1 (2023): 53-64]