Tinkturenpresse

Monarda punctata L. - Lamiaceae - spotted beebalm, dotted monarda, lemon mint, horse-mint, Punktierte Indianernessel

Annual to perenniel herb, up to 60cm tall, native to Northern America; stems square; toothed, leaves oblong, aromatic, toothed; Yellow, flowers two-lipped, yellow spotted with purple, in the upper leaf axils and terminal in stem-ringing clusters, each cluster subtended by a whorl of showy, pinkish, leafy bracts. „The toothed, aromatic, oblong leaves (to 3'') may be used in teas.“
http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=e290

„It was historically used to treat upset stomachs, colds, diarrhea, neuralgia and kidney disease.“
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarda_punctata

„An 80% acetone extract of Monarda punctata showed an inhibitory effect on lipase activity in isolated mouse plasma in vitro and carvacrol was obtained as the active constituent. It had an IC50 value of 4.07 mM invitro and suppressed elevations in blood triacylglycerol levels in olive oil-loaded mice.“
[A lipase inhibitor monoterpene and monoterpene glycosides from Monarda punctata., Yamada, K., Murata, T., Kobayashi, K., Miyase, T., Yoshizaki, F., Phytochemistry, 71(16), 2010, 1884-1891]

The essential oil showed thymol (75.2%), p-cymene (6.7%), limonene (5.4), and carvacrol (3.5%) as the major constituents. „… the essential oil and its constituents exhibited a broad spectrum and variable degree of antibacterial activity against different strains. Among the tested strains, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the most susceptible bacterial strain showing lowest MIC and MBC values. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was the most resistant bacterial strain to the essential oil treatment showing relatively higher MIC and MBC values.“
[Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of Monarda punctata essential oil and its main components against common bacterial pathogens in respiratory tract., Li, H., Yang, T., Li, F.Y., Yao, Y., Sun, Z.M., International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 7(11), 2014, 7389] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4270556/

Botanical Register, vol.1 t.87 (1815) [S.Edwards]
http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=677795

Monarda punctata, Okmulgee County, Oklahoma, CC BY-SA 2.0, Author: amy_buthod
https://www.flickr.com/photos/akbuthod/9531980564/