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--- picea_abies_l._h.karst [2015/06/14 13:10] – andreas
+++ picea_abies_l._h.karst [2024/08/10 14:45] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
 Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. - syn.Picea excelsa Link - Pinaceae - Norway spruce, **Gemeine Fichte**, Rotfichte
-Evergreen coniferous tree, up to 40m tall, native in Europe, widely planted as ornamental and for use as a Christmas tree; leaves 4-sided needles, every side green, flexible, parting at the undersite of the twig
+Evergreen coniferous tree, up to 40m tall, native in Europe, widely planted as ornamental and for use as a Christmas tree.
-Picea abies (L.) Karsten:Abies excelsa Lam. et DC., Picea vulgaris Link, Abies picea Miller:Pinaceae:Norway Spruce:European Spruce, Christmas Tree:Gemeine Fichte:Fichte, Rottanne:False:True:False:North and Central Europe::North and Central Europe:
+Myrcene, limonene, β-phellandrene, and methyl salicylate were the main volatile components extracted by SPME (Tenax) from the flower scent of Norway Spruce. "The volatile constituents of the female flowers were distinctly different from those of the male flowers and the twigs. Characteristic constituents are methyl and ethyl benzoate, methyl and ethyl salicylate, methyl and ethyl butanoate, borneol and bornyl acetate. In the scent from the male flowers we could only detect the same monoterpenes as in the twigs." \\
-:coniferous tree, up to 50m high; :
+[Odoriferous compounds from the flowers of the conifers Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris and Larix sibirica., Borg-Karlson, A.K., Eidmann, H.H., Lindström, M., Norin, T., Wiersma, N., Phytochemistry, 24(3), 1985, 455-456]
 Main compounds released from one-year-old needles and twiglets of a 6-7 year old tree were monoterpenes: α-pinene and β-pinene along with limonene. \\
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 [Seasonal variation in the monoterpenes in needles of //Picea abies (L.) Karst.//, Schönwitz, R., Lohwasser, K., Kloos, M., Ziegler, H., Trees, Vol.4(1), 1990, 34-40]
-{{:picea_excelsa.jpg?500}} \\
+| {{:alpha_pinene.jpg| α-pinene }} \\ α-pinene | {{:beta_pinene.jpg| β-pinene }} \\ β-pinene | {{:myrcene.jpg| myrcene }} \\ myrcene | {{:limonene.jpg| limonene }} \\ limonene | {{:camphen.jpg| camphene }} \\ camphene | {{:bornylacetate.jpg| bornyl acetate }} \\ bornyl acetate |
-Thomé, O.W., Flora von Deutschland Österreich und der Schweiz, Tafeln, vol.1, t.25 (1885) \\
+Mean composition of volatiles emitted by cones of P.abies was myrcene 50.3%, limonene/β-phellandrene 18.6%, α-pinene 14.3%, β-pinene 9.8%, 3-carene 3.6%, sabinene 1.6% and camphene 1.0%. \\
+P.abies foliage emitted myrcene 19.4%, limonene/β-phellandrene 13.6%, α-pinene 17.7%, β-pinene 27.8%, 3-carene 10.5%, sabinene 1.9% and camphene 6.6%.  \\
+[Cone and foliage volatiles emitted by Pinus cembra and some related conifer species., Dormont, L., Roques, A., Malosse, C., Phytochemistry, 49(5), 1998, 1269-1277]
+{{:picea_excelsa.jpg?600}} \\
+Picea abies as Picea excelsa, Masclef, A., Atlas des plantes de France, vol.3 t.394 \\
 [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=788945]]
+{{picea_abies_ncsu.jpg}} \\
+Norway Spruce cones (Picea_abies), MrPanyGoff [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en|CC-BY-SA 3.0]] [[https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/picea-abies/|NCSU]]