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--- cedrela_odorata_l [2014/09/17 14:47] – andreas
+++ cedrela_odorata_l [2025/04/13 07:37] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-Cedrela odorata L. - Meliaceae \\
+Cedrela odorata L. - syn.Cedrela glaziovii C. DC.; Cedrela mexicana M. Roem. - Meliaceae \\
 Spanish cedar, Mexican cedar, **Westindische Zedrele**, Spanische Zeder, Cedro (span.)
 Evergreen tree, native to the Caribbean, Central and South America; bark grey–brown; leaves pinnate, leaflets oblong to laceolate, both surfaces glabrous; flowers small with white petals. \\
 [[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=220002489]]
 "Freshly cut heartwood is pinkish to reddish brown, but upon exposure it becomes red or dark reddish brown, sometimes with a purplish tinge. It is reported to be darkest when grown in the drier regions. The sapwood is
-whitish, gray, or pinkish...\\
+whitish, gray, or pinkish... A gum-like substance containing a volatile aromatic oil exudes from Spanish cedar. The oil often stains the paper lining in cigar boxes made of this wood, and when it evaporates it leaves a sticky residue that causes boards to adhere." \\
-A gum-like substance containing a volatile aromatic oil exudes from Spanish cedar. The oil often stains the paper lining in cigar boxes made of this wood, and when it evaporates it leaves a sticky residue that causes boards to adhere." \\
 [Kryn, J. M. (1957). Spanish cedar.] [[http://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1957/2399/FPL_1948ocr.pdf?sequence=1]]
-"Cedrela odorata is the most commercially important and most widely distributed species in the genus Cedrela. Known as Spanish cedar in English commerce, the aromatic wood is in high demand in the American tropics because it is naturally termite- and rot-resistant... \\
+The wood of C.odorata is known as 'Cigarbox-Wood', 'Indian Mahogany' or Sugar-Crate Wood'. Main components of a commercial available wood oil from Brazil were α-copaene (15.6%), δ-cadinene (11.7%), α-cubebene (8.0%), (E)-nerolidol (8.0%), β-curcumene (6.8%), calarene (3.4%), and β-cubebene (3.2%). Minor components were a number of sesquiterpene alcohols like palustrol, cubenol, epi-cubenol, spathulenol, α-/β-bisabolol, α-/δ-/T-cadinol, T-muurolol, farnesol and also farnesyl acetate e.g. \\
-Cedro heartwood contains an aromatic and insect-repelling resin that is the source of its popular name, Spanish cedar (it resembles the aroma of true cedars)." \\
+[Brunke, E. J., F. J. Hammerschmidt, and F. H. Koster. "Essential Oil of Cedrela odorata L.(Meliaceae) from Brazil-Revised List of Constituents." Progress in Essential Oil Research, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Essential Oils, Holzminden/Neuhaus, Federal Republic of Germany. 1985, 117-122]
+"Cedrela odorata is the most commercially important and most widely distributed species in the genus Cedrela. Known as Spanish cedar in English commerce, the aromatic wood is in high demand in the American tropics because it is naturally termite- and rot-resistant... Cedro heartwood contains an aromatic and insect-repelling resin that is the source of its popular name, Spanish cedar (it resembles the aroma of true cedars)." \\
 [Cedrela odorata L. Cedro hembra, Spanish cedar. Cintron, Barbara B., Silvics of North America 2(654) 1990, 250]
+"The essential oil composition of //Cedrela odorata L. leaves// was comprehensively investigated by means of capillary GC and GC–MS. Twenty-six constituents were identified in the volatile oil. Sesquiterpenoids such as α-santalene (9.5%), β-acoradiene (7.1%), β-elemene (6.8%), caryophyllene oxide (6.0%) and Z-α-bergamotene (6.0%) were the dominant compounds. Minor constituents included isocaryophyllene, β-bisabolene, β-alaskene and amorpha-4,11-diene. A rare sesquiterpenoid sulphur derivative, mintsulphide, was identified for the first time in C. odorata essential oil." \\
+[Constituents of the leaf essential oil of Cedrela odorata L. from Nigeria., Asekun, O.T., Ekundayo, O., Flavour and fragrance journal, 14(6), 1999, 390-392]
+The major components of the //Cedrela odorata L. bark oil// collected by hydrodistillation, "... were the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons  β-elemene (20.3%), germacrene D (15.4%), and β-acoradiene (7.0%), along with the  sesquiterpene  alcohol 1,10-di-epi-cubenol (7.2%). C.odorata bark oil from Brazil was also dominated by sesquiterpenoids, but with a very different composition: (E)-caryophyllene (17.2%), (Z)-caryophyllene (9.1%), cis-4(14),5-muuroladiene (10.5%), and lesser amounts of β-elemene (5.4%) and germacrene D (0.4%)." \\
+[Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the bark essential oil of Cedrela odorata from Monteverde, Costa Rica., Villanueva, H.E., Tuten, J.A., Haber, W.A., Setzer, W.N., Der Pharma Chemica, 1(2), 2009, 14-18] [[http://derpharmachemica.com/second-issue/2.DPC-1_2_14-18.pdf]]
+|{{:cadinene_delta.jpg| δ-cadinene }} \\ δ-cadinene |{{:cadinol_alpha.jpg| α-cadinol }} \\ α-cadinol |
+"The //Cedrela odorata wood essential oils// from Costa Rica were rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons δ-cadinene (26%), β-curcumene (13%), and calarene (6%), as well as the sesquiterpene alcohol α-cadinol (5%). In contrast, the wood oil from Colombia was dominated by δ-cadinene (53%), along with germacrene D (4%)." The oil form Costa Rica showed β-gurjunene (~5.6%), β-acoradiene (4.5%), nerolidol (1.1%) and cedrol (~2.5%) e.g., whereas the oil from Colombia contained limonene (3.2%). \\
+[Suarez, Andrea Vargas, Prabodh Satyal, and William N. Setzer. "Volatile components of the wood of Spanish cedar, Cedrela odorata, from Costa Rica." American Journal of Essential Oils and Natural Products 6.3 (2018): 27-30] [[https://www.essencejournal.com/pdf/2018/vol6issue3/PartA/5-5-1-714.pdf]]
+{{:cedrela_odorata.jpg}} \\
+Cedrela odorata L. as Cedrela glaziovii C.DC. \\
+Martius,C., Eichler,A.G., Urban,I., Flora Brasiliensis, vol.11(1) f.75, t.65 (1878) \\
+[[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=215276]]