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--- alchemilla_vulgaris_l [2015/06/14 07:59] – andreas
+++ alchemilla_vulgaris_l [2015/06/14 12:12] (aktuell) – andreas
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-Alchemilla vulgaris L. - Rosaceae - syn. Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm. \\
+Alchemilla vulgaris L. - syn. Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm. - Rosaceae \\
 ladies mantle, lions foot, **Gemeiner Frauenmantel**, Marienmantel, Echter Sinau
-Perennial herb, mostly hairy, from a very thick rhizome; stems 5-50 cm; leaves reniform, 3-10 cm wide, shallowly and roundly 5-9 lobed , the lobes sharply serrate; flowers 3.5-5 mm wide, in large, branched, terminal panicles.
+Perennial herb, native to Central and Eastern Europe, naturalized in eastern North America; mostly hairy, from a very thick rhizome; stems 5-50 cm; leaves reniform, 3-10 cm wide, shallowly and roundly 5-9 lobed , the lobes sharply serrate; flowers yellow, 3.5-5mm wide, in large, branched, terminal panicles.
-**Alchemilla vulgaris herb**, Alchemilla, ladies mantle, Herba Alchemillae, Herba Alchemillae vulgaris, Alchemillae herba, Frauenmantelkraut [Wichtl, BGA, BHP83, Hager] \\
+The dried aerial parts, collected at flowering time (May-August, Alchemilla vulgaris herb, Alchemilla, ladies mantle, Herba Alchemillae, Herba Alchemillae vulgaris, Alchemillae herba, Frauenmantelkraut), are used as astringent and anti-haemorrhagic. "The plant is considered useful in treating minor cases of diarrhoea, sore throat and externally for sores and septic wounds. Traditional uses include gynaecological ailments, especially dysmenorrhoea... High concentraions of ellagitannins (6-8%) are present, including agrimoniin, laevigatin F and pedunculagenin." \\
-Definition. Alchemilla consists of the dried aerial parts of Alchemilla vulgaris, collected at flowering time (May-August). \\
+[Medicinal Plants of the World. Ben-Erik Van Wyk and Michael Wink, Pretoria 2004, 37]
-Description. Nearly odorless yellow-green stems, fragments of blueish-green reniform leaves and inconspicuous yellowish flowers. The drug tastes slightly bitter and astringent.\\
-Constituents. Alchemilla contains tannins (5-8%) and flavanoids. [Tuka L, Popescu H, Clujul Med., (52), (1979), pp.78-83 cit. CA 91\:198835; Tuka L, Tamas M, Farmacia (Bucharest), (25), (1977), pp.247-52 cit. CA 89\:3170;  Geiger C, Rimpler H, Planta Med, (56), (1990), pp.585-6] \\
-Effects. An extract showed inhibition effects on various proteolytic enzymes. [Jonadet M, Meunier MT, Villic F, Bastide JP, Lamaison JL, J. Pharmacol. 17(1986), pp.21-27] \\
-Uses. The astringent effect of Alchemilla makes the drug valueable for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery, as gargle also to treat inflammation of mouth and throat. Externally, it may be of benefit to eczema and other skin diseases. The drug is traditionally used for menstrual and menopausal problems, both internally and externally as sitting bath. \\
-Dosage. Internally and externally 2-3g by infusion, thrice daily. [Wichtl, BGA, BHP83] \\
+A. vulgaris is a herbal drug included in the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph.Eur.) and is quantified by its tannin content (min.6%). Plant material of commerce contained 7-10% tannins with mainly ellagic acid (HPLC, 1.5-2.5% of dried material weight). \\
-Combinations. For dysentery and diarrhea, ladies mantle is combined with the herb of Viola tricolor or Potentilla erecta.
+[Characterisation of tannin‐containing herbal drugs by HPLC., Møller, C., Hansen, S.H., Cornett, C., Phytochemical analysis, Vol.20(3), 2009, 231-239]
+"Acetone/water extracts from the leaves, including stalks, of Alchemilla vulgaris L. and A. mollis (Buser) Rothm. were investigated for their phenolic composition by liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 24 and 27 compounds were detected for A. vulgaris and A. mollis, respectively. Pedunculagin and agrimoniin, as described in earlier reports for A. vulgaris, as well as other monomeric and oligomeric ellagitannins such as sanguiin H-10, castalagin/vescalagin, and galloyl-bis-hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) hexose constituted the major phenolic fraction of both plant species." \\
+[Phenolic constituents from Alchemilla vulgaris L. and Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. at different dates of harvest., Duckstein, S.M., Lotter, E.M., Meyer, U., Lindequist, U., Stintzing, F.C., Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, Vol.67(11-12), 2012, 529-540]
 {{:alchemilla_vulgaris.jpg?500}} \\
 Blackwell,E., A curious herbal, vol.1, t.72 (1737) [E.Blackwell] \\
 [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=37133]]