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Garcinia mangostana L. - Clusiaceae
purple mangosteen, Mangostane
Evergreen tree, 6-20m tall, native to Indonesia (Maluku); widely cultivated in tropical regions of Africa and Asia. „Mature fruit purple-red, sometimes yellow-brown spotted, globose, 5-8 cm in diam., smooth. Seeds 4 or 5 or more, pulp white, juicy, fleshy.“ http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200014177
„The fruit of the mangosteen is sweet and tangy, juicy, somewhat fibrous, with fluid-filled vesicles (like the flesh of citrus fruits), with an inedible, deep reddish-purple colored rind (exocarp) when ripe. In each fruit, the fragrant edible flesh that surrounds each seed is botanically endocarp, i.e., the inner layer of the ovary.“ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_mangosteen
Major volatiles of G.mangostana L. var Native were 2,2-dimethyl-4-octanal (36%), E-2-hexenal(19%), benzaldehyde (12%), (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (7%), hexyl–n-valerate (5%), 1,4-pentadiene, and 2-methyl-1,3-buten-2-ol. [Postharvest survey of volatile compounds in five tropical fruits using headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME). Laohakunjit, N., Kerdchoechuen, O., Matta, F. B., Silva, J. L., Holmes, W. E., HortScience, Vol.42(2), 2007, 309-314]
The fruit hulls of G.mangostana contain xanthones like mangostin (α,β,γ), 1-isomangostin, 3-isomangostin, and gartanin. Of all found xanthones, α-mangostin had the highest activitiy against Staph.aureus strains.
[Antimicrobial activities of chemical constituents from Garcinia mangostana Linn. Mahabusarakam, W., Wiriyachitra, P., Phongpaichit, S., J Sci Soc Thailand, Vol.12(4), 1986, 239-242] http://www.scienceasia.org/1986.12.n4/v12_239_242.pdf
An extract of G.mangostana had a strong inhibitory effect on Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis and a possible alternative treatment for acne.
[Antimicrobial effects of Thai medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria. Chomnawang, M. T., Surassmo, S., Nukoolkarn, V. S., Gritsanapan, W., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol.101(1), 2005, 330-333]
