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--- pelargonium_sidoides_dc [2015/12/17 11:33] – andreas
+++ pelargonium_sidoides_dc [2017/08/31 10:12] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 2: / Zeile 2: @@
 kalwerbossie (africans), umckaloabo, South African geranium, **Kapland-Pelargonie**
-Shrub-like perennial plant, up to 50cm high, native (endemic) to South Africa; leaves crowded, greyish-green, heart-shaped; flowers reddish-purple (almost black). The roots darken as the plant ages. Extracts are made from three year old roots.\\
+Shrub-like perennial plant, up to 50cm high, native (endemic) to South Africa; leaves long stalked, velvety, heart-shaped; flowers reddish-purple (almost black). The roots darken as the plant ages. Extracts are made from three year old roots.\\
 [[http://www.pelargonium-sidoides.com/origin/botany-and-production/]]
+The flowers of P.sidoides are practically scentless during the day but emit an extremely strong scent during the night. The intense hyacinth related scent is dominated by 2-phenylacetaladehyde (11.5%) somewhat softened by 2-phenylethanol (0.7%), methyleugenol (16.5%), and (E)-methyl isoeugenol (33.5%). \\
+[Scent of a vanishing flora, Roman Kaiser, 2011, 127 and 400]
+----
 "... EPs 7630 stimulated the synthesis of IFN-β in MG 63 cells as demonstrated by a specific enzyme immunoassay. For gallic acid, a characteristic constituent, evidence for the expression of iNOS and TNF-α
@@ Zeile 17: / Zeile 22: @@
 The root extract (EPs® 7630) contained coumarins like [[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Umckalin#section=Top|umckalin]], 6,8-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxycumarin, 5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxycumarin-8-sulfate and polyphenols (polyphenol content of ca. 22%) like catechin/epicatechin, gallocatechin/epigallocatechin, gallocatechin-4α,8-epigallocatechin, epicatechin-4β,8-epigallocatechin, gallocatechin-4α,6-gallocatechin and epigallocatechin-4β,8-epicatechin as well as proanthocyanidins (prodelphinidins). \\
 "EPs® 7630 respectively the contained proanthocyanidins reduce the adhesiveness of group A streptococci by up to 47% (at an incubation concentration of 30 µg/ml). Here, the trihydroxylation of the B ring of the flavan-3-ol-subunits is of crucial importance for the activity, while the degree of polymerization plays a subordinate role. \\
-EPs® 7630 has a remarkably high inhibitory activity against neuraminidase (IC50 ca. 1 uGu/ml). The commercially available drugs zanamivir (IC50 ca. 18 µg/ml) and oseltamivir carboxylate (IC50 ca. 54 µg/ml) are considerably less active in the used in vitro model. The enzyme is significantly inhibited by proanthocyanidins, with a minimum chain length of three subunits." \\
+EPs® 7630 has a remarkably high inhibitory activity against neuraminidase (IC50 ca. 1 µ/ml). The commercially available drugs zanamivir (IC50 ca. 18 µg/ml) and oseltamivir carboxylate (IC50 ca. 54 µg/ml) are considerably less active in the used in vitro model. The enzyme is significantly inhibited by proanthocyanidins, with a minimum chain length of three subunits." \\
 [Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Inhaltsstoffe und der Wirkung des Pelargonium sidoides Spezialextraktes EPs® 7630., Janecki, A., (Doctoral dissertation, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany), 2013]
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 "After having conducted a hearing within a graduated plan ("Stufenplan") procedure, the BfArM has now issued a notice regarding the risk of liver damage due to medicinal products containing pelargonium root." \\
 [Medicinal products containing pelargonium: Risk of liver damage, BfArM, March 2014] [[http://www.bfarm.de/SharedDocs/Risikoinformationen/Pharmakovigilanz/EN/RV_STP/m-r/pelargonium.html]]
+{{http://www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at/Bilder/Lumix_80/P1170359.JPG}} \\
+Pelargonium sidoides, 3. Botanischer Garten der Universität Wien (HBV) 2017; author: Rolf Marschner,
+[[http://www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at/viewtopic.php?f=572&t=4544| www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at]]