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--- cuminum_cyminum_l [2021/10/29 09:48] – andreas
+++ cuminum_cyminum_l [2025/12/16 08:45] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 3: / Zeile 3: @@
 Annual herb, up to 50cm tall, native from the Mediterranean to India, widely cultivated.
-"Cumin can be used ground or as whole seeds. It helps to add an earthy and warming feeling to food, making it a staple in certain stews and soups, as well as spiced gravies such as chili... In Sanskrit, Cumin is known as Jira. Jira means //that which helps digestion//. In Ayurvedic system of medicine, dried Cumin seeds are used for medicinal purposes." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumin]]
+"Cumin can be used ground or as whole seeds. It helps to add an earthy and warming feeling to food, making it a staple in certain stews and soups, as well as spiced gravies such as chili... In Sanskrit, Cumin is known as Jira. Jira means //that which helps digestion//. In Ayurvedic system of medicine, dried Cumin seeds are used for medicinal purposes." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumin|wikipedia]]
-The main components of Cuminum cyminum seed oil (completely different from Carum carvi seed oil!) were p-mentha-1,4-dien-7-al (27.4%), [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1004031.html|cuminaldehyde]] (16.1%), α-terpinene (12.8%), and α-pinene (11.4%). \\
+The main components of Cuminum cyminum seed oil (completely different from Carum carvi seed oil!) were p-mentha-1,4-dien-7-al (27.4%), [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1004031.html|cuminaldehyde]] (cuminal, 16.1%), α-terpinene (12.8%), and α-pinene (11.4%). \\
 [Antibacterial Activity of Cuminum cyminum L. and Carum carvi L. Essential Oils. Nicola S. Iacobellis , Pietro Lo Cantore , Francesco Capasso and Felice Senatore, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53 (1), pp 57-61]
-|{{:cuminal.jpg| cuminal}} \\ cuminaldehyde (cuminal)  \\ //(cumin herbal)// |{{:cuminylalcohol.png| cuminyl alcohol}} \\ cuminyl alcohol \\ //(strong cumin)// |{{:terpinene_alpha.jpg| α-terpinene }} \\ α-terpinene | {{:terpinene_gamma.jpg|γ-terpinene}} \\ γ-terpinene \\ //(terpenic citrus)// |{{:cymene.jpg|p-cymene}} \\ p-cymene |
+|{{:cuminal.jpg| cuminal}} \\ cuminaldehyde \\ //(cumin herbal)// |{{:cuminylalcohol.png| cuminyl alcohol}} \\ cuminyl alcohol \\ //(strong cumin)// |{{:terpinene_alpha.jpg| α-terpinene }} \\ α-terpinene | {{:terpinene_gamma.jpg|γ-terpinene}} \\ γ-terpinene \\ //(terpenic citrus)// |{{:cymene.jpg|p-cymene}} \\ p-cymene |
 "The essential oil of seeds of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) from Bulgaria stored for more than 35 years was analyzed by physicochemical methods, GC, GC-MS and olfactometry and its antimicrobial activity tested using different strains of microorganisms. More than sixty constituents of this cumin oil could be identified as essential volatiles, responsible for the pleasant fresh, clean, spicy (typical cumin-like) odour of a high quality product. Cumin aldehyde (36%), β-pinene (19.3%), p-cymene (18.4%) and γ-terpinene (15.3%) were the principal compounds found. Antimicrobial testing showed high activity of the essential C. cyminum oil against the mold Aspergillus niger, the Gram (+) bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans." \\
@@ Zeile 22: / Zeile 22: @@
 [Essential Oils, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activities of Different Parts of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Iness Bettaieb, Soumaya Bourgou , Wissem Aidi Wannes , Ibtissem Hamrouni , Ferid Limam , and Brahim Marzouk, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2010, 58 (19), pp 10410-10418]
-Main components of cumin seed supercritical CO2 extract (SFE) were cuminaldehyde (30.5%) and the corresponding alcohol, 4-(1-methylethyl)-p-cymen-7-ol ([[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1016451.html|cuminyl alcohol]], 23.5%). \\
+Main components of cumin seed supercritical CO2 extract (SFE) were cuminaldehyde (30.5%) and the corresponding [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1016451.html|cuminyl alcohol]] (23.5%). \\
-[Optimization of supercritical CO2 extraction and characterization of antifungal activity of essential oils in Cuminum cyminum L., Hu, L.F., He, J., Feng, J.T., Zhang, X., Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(12), 2013, 1809] [[http://www.cropj.com/feng_7_12_2013_1809_1813.pdf]]
+[Optimization of supercritical CO2 extraction and characterization of antifungal activity of essential oils in Cuminum cyminum L., Hu, L.F., He, J., Feng, J.T., Zhang, X., Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(12), 2013, 1809] [[http://www.cropj.com/feng_7_12_2013_1809_1813.pdf|PDF]]
 "Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils of cumin fruits (Cuminum cyminum L.) at four stages of maturity (immature, intermediate, premature and full mature) were investigated. Maximum and minimum essential oil (EO) yields (4.3% and 2.7%) were observed at the mature and immature, respectively. The essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Results indicated that the amounts of α-pinene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, α-terpinene, and γ-terpinene decreased, whereas the levels of p-cymene, α-terpineol, cumin aldehyde, and safranal increased during maturation process." \\
 [Moghaddam, Mohammad, et al. "Variation in essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) fruits during stages of maturity." Industrial Crops and Products 70 (2015): 163-169]
-{{:cuminum_cyminum.jpg?600}} \\
+{{:cuminum_cym.jpg|Cuminum cyminum}} \\
-Köhler,F.E., Medizinal Pflanzen, vol.3 t.23 (1890) \\
+Cuminum cyminum, Auckland, New Zealand (2021) © Peter de Lange [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/|CC BY-SA 4.0]] [[https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=161251|inaturalist.org]]
-[[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=297909]]
+{{:cuminum_cyminum.jpg?700}} \\
+Köhler,F.E., Medizinal Pflanzen, vol.3 t.23 (1890) [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=297909|plantgenera.org]]