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xanthium_strumarium_l [2015/12/28 18:47] andreas angelegt |
xanthium_strumarium_l [2015/12/28 19:29] (aktuell) andreas |
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- | Xanthium strumarium L. - syn. anthium | + | Xanthium strumarium L. - syn. Xanthium |
- | 苍耳 cang er (chin.), Siberian cocklebur, (large) cocklebur, **Gewöhnliche Spitzklette** | + | 苍耳 cang er (chin.), Siberian cocklebur, (large) cocklebur, **Gewöhnliche Spitzklette**, Sibirische Spitzklette |
Annual herb, up to 120cm high, exact native range unknown, probably North America, extensively naturalized elsewhere; leaves ovate-deltate, | Annual herb, up to 120cm high, exact native range unknown, probably North America, extensively naturalized elsewhere; leaves ovate-deltate, | ||
"The pistillate heads consist of two pistillate flowers surrounded by a spiny involucre. Upon fruiting, these two flowers ripen into two brown to black achenes and they are completely enveloped by the involucre, which becomes a bur. The bur, being buoyant, easily disperses in the water for plants growing along waterways. However, the bur, with its hooked projections, | "The pistillate heads consist of two pistillate flowers surrounded by a spiny involucre. Upon fruiting, these two flowers ripen into two brown to black achenes and they are completely enveloped by the involucre, which becomes a bur. The bur, being buoyant, easily disperses in the water for plants growing along waterways. However, the bur, with its hooked projections, | ||
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+ | The plant contains carboxyatractyloside (CATR), which leads to an infrequent but often fatal form of herbal poisoning. "Both ATR and CATR inhibit the transport of ADP across the mitochondrial membrane, preventing the synthesis of ATP and leading to failure in gluconeogenesis and cell death because of energy starvation... Poisoning in humans may present with either acute hepatic or renal pathology and it is possible that there is a second, different mechanism of toxicity to the hepatocyte. Atractyloside in large amounts gives rise to massive necrosis, but in vitro studies have shown that at lower doses cells progress to apoptosis." | ||
+ | [The biochemistry and toxicity of atractyloside: | ||
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+ | The methanol extract of the semen of Xanthium strumarium L. (MEXS) acts as a potent inhibitor of NO, PGE2 and TNF-α production. " | ||
+ | [Methanol extract of Xanthium strumarium L. possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities., | ||
"The ethanol extract of X. strumarium (EXS) was fractionated on the basis of polarity. Among the different fractions, the n-butanol fraction showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity in the croton-oil-induced ear edema test and furthermore reduced the number of writhings induced by acetic acid in mice in a dose-dependent manner... The isolated caffeoylquinic acids could partially explain the antinociceptive effect of X. strumarium polar extract." | "The ethanol extract of X. strumarium (EXS) was fractionated on the basis of polarity. Among the different fractions, the n-butanol fraction showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity in the croton-oil-induced ear edema test and furthermore reduced the number of writhings induced by acetic acid in mice in a dose-dependent manner... The isolated caffeoylquinic acids could partially explain the antinociceptive effect of X. strumarium polar extract." | ||
[Bioactivity-guided fractionation for anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and constituents of Xanthium strumarium L., Han, T., Li, H.L., Zhang, Q.Y., Han, P., Zheng, H.C., Rahman, K., Qin, L.P., Phytomedicine: | [Bioactivity-guided fractionation for anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and constituents of Xanthium strumarium L., Han, T., Li, H.L., Zhang, Q.Y., Han, P., Zheng, H.C., Rahman, K., Qin, L.P., Phytomedicine: | ||
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+ | L. Aqueous extract of this fruit has been used for treatment of various diseases for treating | ||
+ | [Antioxidant, | ||
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+ | {{: | ||
+ | Masclef, A., Atlas des plantes de France, vol.2 t.199 (1890) \\ | ||
+ | [[http:// |