Tinkturenpresse

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Vitex doniana Sweet - syn.Vitex cienkowskii Kotschy & Peyr.; Vitex cuneata Thonn. - Lamiaceae \\
black plum, mbembe (Igbo), dinya (Hausa), oori-nla or oriri (Yoruba)

Deciduous tree, up to 20-25m tall, native to the tropical Africa (savanna), cultivated also as ornamental and for food; crown rounded, ĺeaves palmately divided, 3-7 leaflets, mostly 5 with the lower leaflets distinctly smaller; leaflets obovate, leathery, dark green above, paler below; flowers blue, violet or white, the lower lobe darker; fruit ellipsoid, fleshy, hairless, purple-black, edible (used as food, tasting a bit like prunes -  hence the name). \\
[[https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=148880]] \\
[[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Vitex+doniana]]

|{{:damascenone.jpg| β-damascenone}} \\ β-damascenone |{{:linalool.jpg| linalool}} \\ linalool | {{hdmf.jpg| furaneol }} \\ 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone \\ (furaneol) |  

"A comparative analysis of the aroma potencies of the free and bound volatile fractions revealed that; free fraction exhibited strong potency for the fruity and floral notes, and the bound fraction produced more of the flowery, caramel-like and cherry-like notes. In addition results of odour activity values showed that ethylbutanoate, β-damascenone, ethyl-2-methyl propionate, linalool, hexyl acetate and (Z)-rose oxide contributed highly to the sweet prune-like aroma of the fruit... \\
In the free fraction of the sweet black plum, the major aroma-active compounds (>300 µg kg−1) were linalool, 2-phenylethanol, 3-methyl-but-3-en-1-ol, ethyl cinnamate, ethylbutanoate, hexyl acetate, methyl octanoate, methyl hexanoate, ethyl-2-methylpropionate, geraniol, and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol... \\
The major volatile compounds in the bound fraction of the Vds were; 4-hydroxy-β-ionol, guaiacol, gamma-jasmolactone, 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetophenone, linalool and 3-methyl-but-3-en-1-ol." \\
[Lasekan, Ola. "Identification of the aroma compounds in Vitex doniana sweet: free and bound odorants." Chemistry Central Journal 11.1 (2017): 19] 
[[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13065-017-0247-7]]


{{http://www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de/images/pictures/vitex_doniana_20-4-07_plath00030_1661_9fb846.jpg}} \\
Vitex doniana fruits, photographer: Paul Latham, 2007, Congo, Kisantu Botanic Garden \\
[[http://www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de/root/index.php?page_id=14&id=1661]] \\
Brunken, U., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Janssen, T., Thiombiano, A. & Zizka, G. 2008. West African plants - A Photo Guide. www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de. - Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.


{{:vitex_donianatrevithick.png}} \\
Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Flora of West Tropical Africa (FWTA), 2nd ed. (1954-1972)
Fl. W. Trop. Afr., ed. 2, vol. 2 (1963) p. 447 f. 308  \\
[[http://www.plantillustrations.org/species.php?id_species=1067151]] \\
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