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- | Adoxaceae - (formerly Caprifoliaceae) Black Haw, **Amerikanischer Schneeball**, | + | Viburnum prunifolium L. - Adoxaceae - (formerly Caprifoliaceae) Black Haw, **Amerikanischer Schneeball**, |
Eastern North America: Deciduous shrub or small tree, 3-6m high; leaves elliptic, serrulate (" | Eastern North America: Deciduous shrub or small tree, 3-6m high; leaves elliptic, serrulate (" | ||
- | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viburnum_prunifolium | + | " |
+ | [Ellingwood, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Balck hawk stem bark (black haw bark - Viburni prunifolii cortex) is used to treat menstrual cramps, uterine pain and menstrual disorders, in traditional medicine also against morning sickness, symptoms of menopause, stomach cramps, colic, muscle spasms and high blodd pressure. Of the numerous chemical compounds known from the bark, aseculetin and scopoletin are known as muscolotropic spasmolytics. The bark of [[viburnum_opulus_l|Viburnum opulus]] is also used to some extent.\\ | ||
+ | [Medicinal Plants of the World. Ben-Erik Van Wyk and Michael Wink, Pretoria 2004, 339] | ||
+ | |||
+ | " | ||
+ | an antispasmodic, | ||
+ | [Ochoa Milián, H., Campos, O., López de León, E., Del Cid, J. R., Gil Faggiolly, S. L., Gil Faggiolly, S. L., ... & Gazziero, D. L. P. (2009). WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants. Vol. 4 (No. F60-02). World Health Organization.] [[http:// | ||
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+ | The North America shrub Viburnum prunifolium is used in ethnomedicine because of its spasmolytic, | ||
+ | [In vitro relaxant and spasmolytic effects of constituents from Viburnum prunifolium and HPLC quantification of the bioactive isolated iridoids., Cometa, M.F., Parisi, L., Palmery, M., Meneguz, A., Tomassini, L., Journal of ethnopharmacology, | ||
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+ | {{: | ||
+ | Sargent, C.S., The Silva of North America, vol.5 t.225 (1892) [C.E. Faxon] \\ | ||
+ | [[http:// |