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tribulus_terrestris_l [2015/01/28 07:19] andreas |
tribulus_terrestris_l [2015/01/28 07:40] andreas |
Tribulus terrestris L. - Zygophyllaceae - 蒺藜 ji li (chin.), caltrop, cat's-head, puncturevine, **Erd-Burzeldorn**, Erdsternchen | Tribulus terrestris L. - Zygophyllaceae - 蒺藜 ji li (chin.), caltrop, cat's-head, puncturevine, **Erd-Burzeldorn**, Erdsternchen |
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Prostrate annual herb, mat-forming, native to Africa, Asia, and southern Europe; leaves pubescent, short petioled, even-pinnately compound, opposite, leaflets opposite, oblong, pubescent on the lower surface and the midrib of the upper surface; flowers yellow, 8-10 mm wide, solitary from the axils of the small leaves, peduncles 2-15 mm long, petals yellow; fruit 1cm thick, splitting at maturity into 5 segments each with a line of horny processes down the back and 2 lateral spines toward the center. \\ | Prostrate annual herb, mat-forming, native to Africa, Asia, and southern Europe, naturalized elsewhere; leaves pubescent, short petioled, even-pinnately compound, opposite, leaflets opposite, oblong, pubescent on the lower surface and the midrib of the upper surface; flowers yellow, 8-10 mm wide, solitary from the axils of the small leaves, peduncles 2-15 mm long, petals yellow; fruit 1cm thick, splitting at maturity into 5 segments each with a line of horny processes down the back and 2 lateral spines toward the center. \\ |
[[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200012418]] | [[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200012418]] |
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| "The plant is widely naturalised in the Americas and also in Australia south of its native range. In some states in the United States, it is considered a noxious weed and an invasive species... The extract is claimed to increase the body's natural testosterone levels and thereby improve male sexual performance and help build muscle. Its purported muscle-building potential was popularized by American IFBB bodybuilding champion Jeffrey Petermann in the early 1970s. However, T. terrestris has failed to increase testosterone levels in controlled studies." \\ |
| [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribulus_terrestris]] |
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| Aerial parts of Tribulus terrestris contain steroidal saponins like protodioscin, 5,6-dihydroprotodioscin, neoprotodioscin. \\ |
| [Furostanol saponins from //Tribulus terrestris//., De Combarieu, E., Fuzzati, N., Lovati, M., Mercalli, E., Fitoterapia, vol.74(6), 2003, 583-591] |
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"Tribulus terrestris is an herbal nutritional supplement that is promoted to produce large gains in strength and lean muscle mass in 5-28 days. Although some manufacturers claim T. terrestris will not lead to a positive drug test, others have suggested that T. terrestris may increase the urinary testosterone/epitestosterone (T/E) ratio, which may place athletes at risk of a positive drug test. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of T. terrestris on strength, fat free mass, and the urinary T/E ratio during 5 weeks of preseason training in elite rugby league players. Twenty-two Australian elite male rugby league players (mean +/- SD; age = 19.8 +/- 2.9 years; weight = 88.0 +/- 9.5 kg) were match-paired and randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to either a T. terrestris (n = 11) or placebo (n = 11) group. All subjects performed structured heavy resistance training as part of the club's preseason preparations. A T. terrestris extract (450 mg[middle dot]d-1) or placebo capsules were consumed once daily for 5 weeks. Muscular strength, body composition, and the urinary T/E ratio were monitored prior to and after supplementation. After 5 weeks of training, strength and fat free mass increased significantly without any between-group differences. No between-group differences were noted in the urinary T/E ratio. It was concluded that T. terrestris did not produce the large gains in strength or lean muscle mass that many manufacturers claim can be experienced within 5-28 days. Furthermore, T. terrestris did not alter the urinary T/E ratio and would not place an athlete at risk of testing positive based on the World Anti-Doping Agency's urinary T/E ratio limit of 4:1." \\ | "Tribulus terrestris is an herbal nutritional supplement that is promoted to produce large gains in strength and lean muscle mass in 5-28 days. Although some manufacturers claim T. terrestris will not lead to a positive drug test, others have suggested that T. terrestris may increase the urinary testosterone/epitestosterone (T/E) ratio, which may place athletes at risk of a positive drug test. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of T. terrestris on strength, fat free mass, and the urinary T/E ratio during 5 weeks of preseason training in elite rugby league players. Twenty-two Australian elite male rugby league players (mean +/- SD; age = 19.8 +/- 2.9 years; weight = 88.0 +/- 9.5 kg) were match-paired and randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to either a T. terrestris (n = 11) or placebo (n = 11) group. All subjects performed structured heavy resistance training as part of the club's preseason preparations. A T. terrestris extract (450 mg[middle dot]d-1) or placebo capsules were consumed once daily for 5 weeks. Muscular strength, body composition, and the urinary T/E ratio were monitored prior to and after supplementation. After 5 weeks of training, strength and fat free mass increased significantly without any between-group differences. No between-group differences were noted in the urinary T/E ratio. It was concluded that T. terrestris did not produce the large gains in strength or lean muscle mass that many manufacturers claim can be experienced within 5-28 days. Furthermore, T. terrestris did not alter the urinary T/E ratio and would not place an athlete at risk of testing positive based on the World Anti-Doping Agency's urinary T/E ratio limit of 4:1." \\ |
[The hormonal effects of Tribulus terrestris and its role in the management of male erectile dysfunction – an evaluation using primates, rabbit and rat., Gauthaman, K., Ganesan, A.P., Phytomedicine, Vol.15(1), 2008, 44-54] | [The hormonal effects of Tribulus terrestris and its role in the management of male erectile dysfunction – an evaluation using primates, rabbit and rat., Gauthaman, K., Ganesan, A.P., Phytomedicine, Vol.15(1), 2008, 44-54] |
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{{tribulus.jpg}} | {{tribulus.jpg}} \\ |
| Sibthrop, J., Smith, J.E., Flora Graeca, vol. 4: p. 65, t. 372 (1823) \\ |
| [[http://www.plantillustrations.org/species.php?id_species=1026493]] |