Tinkturenpresse

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Taraxacum officinale Wigg. - syn.Taraxacum vulgare Schrank; Leontodon taraxacum L. - Asteraceae
(common) dandelion, lion's-tooth, (Gewöhnlicher, Gemeiner) Löwenzahn, Gemeine Kuhblume, Pusteblume

Perennial herb, up to 40cm high, native to Europe, Asia, naturalized in North America; taproot up to 30cm long; whole plant and especially the stalks with white milky sap; leaves 5-25cm long, lanceolate, deeply lobed, forming a basal rosette; flowers shiny golden-yellow, solitary at the top of hollow stalks; fruits forming a rounded, white-haired seed-head known as dandelion clock.

Tender young leaves are considerably less bitter than older leaves so they are used in salads.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gew%C3%B6hnlicher_L%C3%B6wenzahn

„The roasted dandelion root pieces and the beverage have some resemblance to coffee in appearance and taste.“
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dandelion_coffee

„The investigation of the roots and the aerial parts of Taraxacum officinale afforded, in addition to known compounds, a new eudesmanolide, a tetrahydroridentin B, a eudesmanolide-β-d-glucopyranoside and two germacranolide acids, which are esterified with β-d-glucose. The latter two seem to represent a new type of sesquiterpene lactone. All three of the new glucose derivatives have a strong bitter taste.“
[Sesquiterpenlacton-β-D-glucopyranoside sowie ein neues Eudesmanolid aus Taraxacum officinale., Hänsel, R., Kartarahardja, M., Huang, J.T., Bohlmann, F., Phytochemistry, Vol.19(5), 1980, 857-861]

„Five germacrane- and guaiane-type sesquiterpene lactones, including two previously described taraxinic acid derivatives, were isolated from the roots of Taraxacum officinale, together with benzyl glucoside, dihydroconiferin, syringin and dihydrosyringin. The other three lactones were identified as 11β,13-dihydrolactucin, ixerin D and ainslioside.“
[Further sesquiterpenoids and phenolics from Taraxacum officinale., Kisiel, W., Barszcz, B., Fitoterapia, Vol.71(3), 2000, 269-273]

Supercritical fluid (CO2) extracts of the leaves (3.2-4.0% dry weight of raw material) contained the triterpenes β-amyrin (11.0-12.7%) and β-sitosterol (3.1-3.7%).
[Supercritical fluid extraction of dandelion leaves., Simandi, B., Kristo, S.T., Kery, A., Selmeczi, L.K., Kmecz, I., Kemény, S., The Journal of supercritical fluids, Vol.23(2), 2012, 135-142]
http://quimica.udea.edu.co/~carlopez/cromatosfc/dienteleon_sfe_2002.pdf

Taraxacum officinale Webb [as Leontodon taraxacum L.]
Kohl, F.G., Die officinellen Pflanzen der Pharmacopoea Germanica, t.151 (1891-1895) [F.G. Kohl]
http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=999560