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Spartium junceum L. - Fabaceae - spanish broom, Pfriemenginster, Spanischer Ginster

„S. junceum …the sole species in the genus Spartium … is a vigorous, deciduous shrub growing to 2–4m tall, … native to the Mediterranean in southern Europe, southwest Asia and northwest Africa… has been widely introduced into other areas, and is regarded as a noxious invasive species in places with a Mediterranean climate such as California and Oregon, Hawaii, central Chile, southeastern Australia, the Western Cape in South Africa and the Canary Islands and Azores…
The plant is also used as a flavoring, and for its essential oil, known as genet absolute.“ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartium

„The flowers are bright yellow and very fragrant. They are 2 to 2.5cm tall and stand on 5 mm long pedicles in long, loose racemes terminal on young shoots… The shrub sheds its leaves in early summer, to prevent the evaporation of water through the leaves. Photosynthesis happens then only in the green rods. The species is highly poisonous. Poisoning cause vomiting, respiratory paralysis and kidney damage.“ http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartium_junceum

The flower scent of broom is a delicate combination of aldehydes and esters, mainly (Z)-Hex-3-en-1-yl butanoate (25%), butyl butanoate (12%), 2-phenethyl butanoate (2%), phenylacetonitrile (3%), methyl anthranilate (5%), 2-aminobenzaldehyde (1%), and many additional minor and trace constituents. [Meaningful scents around the World, Roman Kaiser, 2006, 145 and 266]

„The essential oil, isolated by hydrodistillation from fresh flowers of Spartium junceum L., was investigated by GC and GC/MS. The 24 main constituents of the samples were identified; the main components of the oil were kairomonal compounds, tricosane (22.9%), tetracosane (8.9%) and pentacosane (16.1%), constituting altogether almost 48% of total composition. These hydrocarbons constitute an important aspect governing the sensitivity of the insects in plant host selection.“ [Identification of volatile constituents from the flower oil of Spartium junceum. Miraldi, Elisabetta, Sara Ferri, and Gianluca Giorgi. Journal of Essential Oil Research 16.6 (2004), 568-570.]

Gourdon, J., Naudin, P., Nouvelle iconographie fourragère, Atlas, p. 62, t. 23, fig. 1 (1865-1871)
http://www.plantillustrations.org/species.php?id_species=963340