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--- rosa_x_damascena [2018/08/09 22:06]
andreas
+++ rosa_x_damascena [2023/07/12 09:33]
andreas
@@ Zeile 10: / Zeile 10: @@
 [Demole, E., Enggist, P., Säuberli, U., & Stoll, M. (1970). Structure et synthèse de la damascénone (triméthyl‐2, 6, 6‐trans‐crotonoyl‐1‐cyclohexadiène‐1, 3), constituant odorant de l'essence de rose bulgare (rosa damascena Mill. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 53(3), 541-551]
-Pentane/dichloromethane extracts of Rosa x damascena petals showed phenylethanol as the main component (72-83%), followed by hydrocarbons (6-13.5%). Other components were geraniol (4.0-6.9%), nerol (1.4-3.7%), benzyl alcohol (1.1-2.5%), geranyl acetate (0.3-2.1%), and benzyl benzoat (0.2-0.6%). Nonanal/cis-rose oxide was not found or only present in traces. \\
+Besides dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, and mintsulfide, dibenzothiophene and its methyl derivatives were identified in rose oil. Dibenzothiophene and its methyl derivatives possessed persistent, spicy, and powdery notes and supplied essential rose oil with the naturalness of rose scent perceived when smelled rose petals. These sulfur compounds were found in Bulgarian, Moroccan and Turkish rose oils as well as steam-distilled oils from petals of a modern ornamental hybrid tea rose from Japan and contributed to odor of the dry out of rose oil. \\
+[Omata, A., Yomogida, K., Ohta, T., Morikawa, Y., & Nakamura, S. (1987). New Sulfur Compounds of Rose Oil. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 51(12), 3421-3422] [[https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bbb1961/51/12/51_12_3421/_pdf]]
+"These data reveal that the composition of the picked tea rose is remarkably different from that of the living rose. As one can see, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, which constitutes 20% of the living rose headspace volatiles, is drastically reduced to 5% in the picked rose. At the same time, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene, one of the character-donating components of tea rose, is dramatically doubled in the picked flower, whereas important constituents like phenyl ethyl alcohol and its acetate are reduced in the picked flower." \\
+[Mookherjee, Braja D., Robert W. Trenkle, and Richard A. Wilson. "The chemistry of flowers, fruits and spices: live vs. dead-a new dimension in fragrance research." Pure and Applied Chemistry 62.7 (1990): 1357-1364] [[https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1351/pac199062071357/pdf]]
+Main components of the headspace of Rosa damascena flowers collected on Tenax were (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate (29.7%), phenylethanol (14.1%), nerol (11.1%), geraniol (9.7%), phenylethyl acetate (5.8%), hexyl acetate (5.1%), and geranial (1.1%). \\
+[Flament, I., C. Debonneville, and A. Furrer. „Volatile constituents of roses: characterization of cultivars based on the headspace analysis of living flower emissions.“ chapter in: Volatile compounds from Flowers, Teranishi, R.;Buttery, R. G.;Sugisawa, H. Bioactive volatile compounds from plants. (Book) 1993, 269-281]
+Pentane/dichloromethane extracts of Rosa x damascena petals showed phenylethanol as the main component (72-83%), followed by hydrocarbons (6-13.5%). Other components were geraniol (4.0-6.9%), nerol (1.4-3.7%), benzyl alcohol (1.1-2.5%), geranyl acetate (0.3-2.1%), and benzyl benzoate (0.2-0.6%). Nonanal/cis-rose oxide was not found or only present in traces. \\
 [Characterization of 24 old garden roses from their volatile compositions., Antonelli, A., Fabbri, C., Giorgioni, M.E., Bazzocchi, R., Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45(11), 1997, 4435-4439]
@@ Zeile 39: / Zeile 48: @@
 Although ß-damascenone (0.03%), ß-damascone, (-)-rose oxide (0.09%, OU 4.1%) and nerol oxide (0.09%) account together for only slightly over 1% of Bulgarian rose oil, they are considered as its odoriferous principle. The olfactory impact (Odour Units, OU) of (-)-citronellol (38%, OU 4.3%) is much lower than that of ß-damascenone (0.03%, OU 70%) and ß-ionone (0.03%, OU 19.2%). \\
+„The sweet and powerful honey aspects of rose oil is caused by the combination of ß-damascenone, the phenethyl esters phenylethyl isobutyrate and phenylethyl 2-methylbutyrate, and benzyl tiglate.“ \\
 [Scent and Chemistry, Günther Ohloff, Wilhelm Pickenhagen, Philip Kraft, Wiley-VCH, 2012, 266-270]
+Application of GC-HRMS to rose absolutes of R.centifolia and R.damascena confirmed the identification of 19 new esters like the linoleates and linolenates of phenylethanol, citronellol, nerol and geraniol. „With these identified esters, the known volatile fraction of rose absolute increased from 90 percent to 92.“ \\
+[Remy, Pierre‐Alain, et al. „Identification of novel compounds in rose absolute with gas chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry.“ Flavour and Fragrance Journal 37.3 (2022): 133-143]
 {{:rosa_damascena.jpg|}} \\
@@ Zeile 46: / Zeile 58: @@
 [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=1260951]]
-{{:rosa_damascena_botg.jpg?800}} \\
+{{:rosa_damascena_botg.jpg}} \\
 Rosa x damascena 'Trigintipetala', [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/|CC BY-SA 3.0]], Author: Andreas Kraska
+VIDEO: [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juvzGEJariA|Turkish rose]] (IFF-LMR)

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