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Rhus chinensis Mill. - syn.Rhus semialata Murr. - Anacardiaceae
盐麸木 yan fu mu (chin.), Chinese sumac, Gallensumach

Shrub or tree, up to 10m tall, native in Asia from India to Japan and Malaii; leaves imparipinnately compound, rachis broadly winged (var. chinensis) to wingless (var. roxburghii); leaflets ovate to oblong; flowers white.
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200012706

„Chinese galls are used in Chinese medicine to treat coughs, diarrhea, night sweats, dysentery and to stop intestinal and uterine bleeding.“
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhus_chinensis

„The petroleum ether extract RC-1 can inhibit the syncytium formation and HIV-1 p24 antigen at non-cytotoxic concentrations, the 50% effective concentration (EC50) were 0.71 and 0.93 μg/ml, respectively. The therapeutic index (TI) was about 100. RC-1 had no activity on inhibiting HIV-1 recombinant RT and HIV-1 entry into host cells. Results showed that RC-1 was effective against HIV-1 and Rhus chinensis would be a useful medicinal plant for the chemotherapy of HIV-1 infection. RC-1 might inhibit the post steps or target the new sites of HIV-1 replication.“
[Anti-HIV-1 activities of extracts from the medicinal plant Rhus chinensis., Wang, R.R., Gu, Q., Yang, L.M., Chen, J.J., Li, S.Y., Zheng, Y.T., Journal of ethnopharmacology, Vol.105(1), 2006, 269-273]

„The aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis (Bell) induces large single-chamber galls, called horned galls, on the leaf wings (an extending part of the rachis) of Rhus chinensis Miller. Horned galls are initiated when the fundatrix of S. chinensis feeds on the adaxial surface of the leaf wings… The galls have historically been used for medicinal and chemical purposes, as they are rich in tannins, accounting for 50-80% of total gall weight, and are most often used as a source of tannic, gallic, and pyrogallic acids (Namba 1993, Zhang et al. 1999). The best known gall maker used in this manner is Schlechtendalia chinensis (Bell), which induces sealed horned-shape galls on the leaf wings of Rhus chinensis Miller. This species accounts for 75% of Chinese gallnut production (Tang and Cai 1957, Zhang et al.1999).“
[The Effect of the Gall-Forming Aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Leaf Wing Ontogenesis in Rhus chinensis (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae)., Liu, P., Yang, Z.X., Chen, X.M., Foottit, R.G., Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Vol.107(1), 2014, 242-250]
http://www.canacoll.org/Hemip/Staff/Foottit/PDFs/Liu_et_al_2014_Schlechtendalia_gall.pdf

Degener, O., Flora Hawaiiensis, the new illustrated flora of the Hawaiian islands, (1932-1980)
http://www.plantillustrations.org/species.php?id_species=878560