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Raphanus sativus L. - Brassicaceae - radish, Garten-Rettich, Ölrettich
Annual or bienniel herb, up to 1m high, only known in culture; flowers violet or white; fruit a berry.
„Varieties of radish are now broadly distributed around the world, but there are almost no archeological records available to help determine its early history and domestication. However, scientists tentatively locate the origin of Raphanus sativus in southeast Asia, as this is the only region where truly wild forms have been discovered.“
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radish
Some cultivated subspecies/varieties are known:
Raphanus sativus subsp. sativus L. - small radish, Radieschen
Raphanus sativus convar. sativus Radish Group - radish, (Winter-) Rettich
Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus - 大根 (jap.), 白蘿蔔 (chin.), daikon, Daikon
Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiformis Pers. - oil radish, Ölrettich
Raphanus sativus L. var. mougri H. W. J. Helm - serpent radish, Schlangenrettich
„Raphanus sativus contained sulforaphene, plus sulforaphane, glucodehydroerucin, and gluconapin.“
[Glucosinolates of seven medicinal plants from Thailand., Songsak, T., Lockwood, G.B., Fitoterapia, 73(3), 2002, 209-216]
sulforaphene
Sulforaphene constituted a major isothiocyanate in radish.
[Analysis of isothiocyanates in newly generated vegetables, Baemuchae (× Brassicoraphanus) as affected by growth., Lim, S., Lee, J., Kim, J.K., International journal of food science & technology, 44(7), 2009, 1401-1407]
see also http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Raphanus_sativus