Tinkturenpresse

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Polygala amara L. - Polygalaceae - milkwort, Bitteres Kreuzblümchen

Perennial herb, up to 20cm high, native to Europe; leaves obovate-spatulate, bitter tasting; flowers in terminal racemes, blue or purple, rarely white.
Used to make bitter liqueurs.

The bitterness present in aerial parts of P.amara is probably amarelloside (β-(1,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl)-fructofuranosyl-{[β-d-(6-O-acetyl) glucopyranosyl(1→2)] [β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→3)]} α-d-(di-O-acetyl-4,6)glucopyranoside), a very bitter compound isolated from the aerial parts of Polygala amarella (dwarf milkwort, Sumpf-Kreuzblümchen).
[Amarelloside, a bitter tri-O-acetyl tri-O-benzoyl tetrasaccharide from Polygala amarella., Dubois, M. A., Neszmelyi, A., Heubl, G., Fiebig, M., Wagner, H., Phytochemistry, Vol.28(12), 1989, 3355-3359]