Tinkturenpresse

Dies ist eine alte Version des Dokuments!

---

Pogostemon cablin Benth. - syn. Pogostemon patchouly Pelletier - Lamiaceae - patchouli, patchouly, Indisches Patschuli

Aromatic perennial herb, up to 1m high; native from India to the Philippines and Malaysia, now extensively cultivated throughout the tropical regions of Asia.

„The heavy and strong scent of patchouli has been used for centuries in perfumes (with oriental and masculine notes) and, more recently, in incense, insect repellents, and alternative medicines.“ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pogostemon_cablin

„Indian patchouli and its relative Javanese patchouli [Pogostemon heyneanus] are grown to recover patchouli oil from the leaves by steam distillation as raw material for the perfume industry.“
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indisches_Patschuli

„The analysis of odour components in … Patchouli Oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) based on GC-, GC-FTIR- and GC-MS-data resulted in the identification of … (−)-patchoulol, α-guaiene, α-patchoulene, seychellene, α-bulnesene, norpatchoulenol and pogostol in Patchouli Oil as the most intense aroma compounds of these oils.“
[GC-FTIR and GC-MS in odour analysis of essential oils., Nikiforov, A., Jirovetz, L., Buchbauer, G., Raverdino, V., Microchimica Acta, Vol.95(1-6), 1988, 193-198]

Rotundone with its very low recognition threshold value is a constituent of patchouli oil.
[Meaningful Scents around the World, Roman Kaiser, Zürich 2006, 63]

Main components of supercritical CO2 extracts of patchouli leaves from Brazil (yield 5.0%) were β-patchoulene (1.6-3.2%), β-caryophyllene (3.1-5.8%), α-guaiene (13.3-24.1%), α-patchoulene (4.5-6.2%), seychellene (1.7-2.3%), δ-guaiene (15.5-21.1%), and patchoulol (12.9-32.2%).
[Comparison of extraction of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) essential oil with supercritical CO2 and by steam distillation., Donelian, A., Carlson, L.H.C., Lopes, T.J., Machado, R.A.F., The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 48(1), 15-20, 2009]

„The important oil components which are considered for the fragrant and medicinal activities of the oil are patchouli alcohol, α-bulnesene, α- and β-patchoulene… The oil of Pogostemon cablin [0.3% f.w.] was rich in α-patchoulene (3.3%), β-patchoulene (4.2%), patchouli alcohol (23.2%) and α-guaiene (14.6%).“
[Composition and comparison of essential oils of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.(Patchouli) and Pogostemon travancoricus Bedd. var. travancoricus., Sundaresan, V., Singh, S.P., Mishra, A.N., Shasany, A.K., Darokar, M.P., Kalra, A., Naqvi, A.A., Journal of Essential Oil Research, 21(3), 2009, 220-222] http://staff.cimap.res.in/PublicationFiles/JEOR.pdf

„The primary fragrance molecule in the essential oil is the sesquiterpene alcohol norpatchoulenol, which is present at 0.35-1.0% or less“ [Flavours and Fragrances: Chemistry, Bioprocessing and Sustainability. Ralf Günter Berger, Springer 2010]

Major constituent of the essential oil produced by steam distillation of the dried leaves is (-)-patchoulol (patchouli alcohol, 23.6-45.9%), whereas (+)-norpatchoulenol is only 0.5%. „The dispute about the olfactory properties of (-)-patchoulol was settled by Näf et al. by the stereoselective synthesis of both enantiomeric forms of (-)-patchoulol, which established (the molecule) to possess a typical patchouli note… whereas the non-natural ent(+)-enantiomer has a much weaker odor, and is not reminescent of patchouli oil… while (+)-norpatchoulenol was about three times less potent with an odor treshold of ca. 2.8ng/l air… The approximate treshold figures are due to vastly diverging sensitivities and a large number of anosmias for pathcouli odorants. The inability of many people to smell some of the patchouli odorants may well have caused the dispute in the first place.“
[Scent and Chemistry, Günther Ohloff, Wilhelm Pickenhagen, Philip Kraft, Wiley-VCH, 2012]

Pogostemon cablin (leaves). Maui, Kula Ace Hardware and Nursery CC BY-SA 3.0, Author: Forest & Kim Starr Wikimedia Commons

Extern video: The Journey of Patchouli - Givaudan