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pinus_pinaster_ait [2014/08/02 22:26] andreas angelegt |
pinus_pinaster_ait [2021/09/21 10:39] (aktuell) andreas |
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- | Pinaceae - maritime pine, **See-Kiefer** | + | Pinus pinaster Aiton - syn.Pinus maritima Lam. non Mill. - Pinaceae - maritime pine, **See-Kiefer**, Meer-Kiefer, |
- | Tree of the Mediterranean coasts, up to 30m high; bark brown, deeply and irregularly longitudinally furrowed; branches forming a pyramidal crown; needles bright green, usually twisted, 10-20cm long by 2mm wide. | + | Tree of the Mediterranean coasts, up to 30m high; bark brown to orange-red, deeply and irregularly longitudinally furrowed; branches forming a pyramidal crown; needles bright green, usually twisted, 10-20cm long by 2mm wide. |
+ | "The Pinus pinaster is divided into two subspecies and five varieties." | ||
+ | [[http:// | ||
+ | "P. pinaster is a successful invasive species in South Africa. One of the results of its invasion in South Africa is a decrease in the biodiversity of the native environment... In addition to being an efficient disperser, P. pinaster is known to produce oleoresins, such as oily terpenes or fatty acids, which can inhibit other species within the community from growing. These resins are produced as a defense mechanism against insect predators, such as the large pine weevil." | ||
+ | [[http:// | ||
- | {{http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Pinus_pinaster3.jpg}} | + | "The chromatographic analysis of the volatile leaf oil of Pinus pinaster Ait. showed 42% of monoterpene hydrocarbons (α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, myrcene, 3-carene, limonene, cis-ocimene, |
+ | [Identification des constituants de l' | ||
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+ | Main components of French turpentine oil of the Bordeaux area obtained by distillation were α-pinene (71%) and beta-pinene (26%). \\ | ||
+ | [Leseche, B., J. Levisalles, and H. Rudler. " | ||
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+ | The essential leaf oil of P.pinaster (trade sample) was characterized by a high content of α-pinene (44.1%) and β-pinene (29.5%), besides myrcene (4.6%), | ||
+ | [Biology and chemistry of conifer oils., Kubeczka, K.H., Schultze, W., Flavour and fragrance journal, 2(4), 1987, 137-148] | ||
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+ | Main components of the essential oil from the needles were α-pinene (28.9%), myrcene (21.7%), β-pinene (4.5%), limonene (3.7%), β-caryophyllene (13.2%), and germacrene D (4.3%). Interesting minor components were 3-hexenol (0.6%), linalool (0.1%), α-terpineol (1.0%), longifolene (1.1%), and phenylethyl 3-methylbutyrate (2.2%). Main components of the essential oil from the branches were α-pinene (40.4%), myrcene (23.1%), β-pinene (12.1%), limonene (8.6%), and longifolene (7.7%). Main components of the essential oil from the female cones were α-pinene (24.7%), myrcene (29.2%), β-pinene (4.2%), α-terpineol (2.9%), α-longipinene (2.3%), and longifolene (20.8%). \\ | ||
+ | [Macchioni, Fabio, et al. " | ||
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+ | The highly attractive scent of P.pinaster resin exposed to the sunshine "... is certainly one of the most impressive olfactory experiences available in the coastal regions of mediterraneaen countries... the secret of this unique environmental scent are (ω-1)-macrolides such as tetradecan-13-olide and hexadecane-15-olide, | ||
+ | [Meaningful Scents around the World, Roman Kaiser, Zürich 2006, 146-147] | ||
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+ | „The yield of turpentine oil in P. pinaster oleoresin was 23.6% (v/m). Gas chromatographic analysis (GC and GC/MS) showed a total of 27 mono- and sesquiterpenes, | ||
+ | [Stojkovic, D., et al. " | ||
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+ | {{: | ||
+ | Lambert, A.B., Description of the genus Pinus and some other remarkable plants, 2nd ed., vol.1, t.4 (1890) [Ferdinand Bauer] \\ | ||
+ | [[http:// |