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pimpinella_saxifraga_l [2014/11/26 13:58]
andreas
pimpinella_saxifraga_l [2015/06/13 11:39] (aktuell)
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 Perennial herb, 0.30-0.60m high, native to Europe, West Asia, naturalized in North America; stem round in cross-section; leaves pinnate; flowers pink. Perennial herb, 0.30-0.60m high, native to Europe, West Asia, naturalized in North America; stem round in cross-section; leaves pinnate; flowers pink.
  
-"//Pimpinella saxifraga subsp. eusaxifraga//: Because of the wide range of morphological varia­bility and the unsatisfactory systematic division it seemed necessary to investigate the essential root oils from plants with simple segmented leaves and dissected leaves separately. Main constituent (about 60%) of the root oils from both forms is trans-epoxy-pseudoisoeugenyl-2-methylbutyrate. Furthermore, it is characteristic for these two oils that 1,4-dimethyl-azulene and its postulated precursors are only present in relatively low concentrations (totally about 5%). In a very few cases we could not at all establish the oc­currence of 1,4-dimethylazulene in the volatile oils of roots from Pimpinella saxifraga subsp.eusaxifraga. Interestingly, the root oils of plants with simple segmented and dissected leaves also exhibit signifi­cant differences, mainly in the sesquiterpenes.+Roots of this plant have been used in herbal medicine for their expectorant, broncho-secretolytic and antiphlogistic properties like [[pimpinella_major_l._huds|P.major]]. 
 + 
 +"//**Pimpinella saxifraga subsp. eusaxifraga**//: Because of the wide range of morphological varia­bility and the unsatisfactory systematic division it seemed necessary to investigate the essential root oils from plants with simple segmented leaves and dissected leaves separately. Main constituent (about 60%) of the root oils from both forms is trans-epoxy-pseudoisoeugenyl-2-methylbutyrate. Furthermore, it is characteristic for these two oils that 1,4-dimethyl-azulene and its postulated precursors are only present in relatively low concentrations (totally about 5%). In a very few cases we could not at all establish the oc­currence of 1,4-dimethylazulene in the volatile oils of roots from Pimpinella saxifraga subsp.eusaxifraga. Interestingly, the root oils of plants with simple segmented and dissected leaves also exhibit signifi­cant differences, mainly in the sesquiterpenes.
 The root oil obtained from plants with simple seg­mented leaves contains 7.5% of an unknown ses­quiterpene hydrocarbon C15H22, besides germacrene-B (2.7%) and germacrone. The latter can be recognized by a broad peak in the gas chromatogram, due to cope-rearrangement, representing 17.2% together with its rearrangement product ß-elemenone. In con­trast, these three compounds usually do not occur, or could only be detected in traces, in the root oil from plants with a dissected leaf-form. The major ses­quiterpene in this oil is trans-ß-farnesene (10.9%).\\ The root oil obtained from plants with simple seg­mented leaves contains 7.5% of an unknown ses­quiterpene hydrocarbon C15H22, besides germacrene-B (2.7%) and germacrone. The latter can be recognized by a broad peak in the gas chromatogram, due to cope-rearrangement, representing 17.2% together with its rearrangement product ß-elemenone. In con­trast, these three compounds usually do not occur, or could only be detected in traces, in the root oil from plants with a dissected leaf-form. The major ses­quiterpene in this oil is trans-ß-farnesene (10.9%).\\
-//Pimpinella saxifraga subsp. alpestris//: This subspecies comprises small plants, growing in mountainous regions and cannot be distinguished re­liably from special forms of the subsp.eusaxifraga by morphological features.+//**Pimpinella saxifraga subsp. alpestris**//: This subspecies comprises small plants, growing in mountainous regions and cannot be distinguished re­liably from special forms of the subsp.eusaxifraga by morphological features.
 The essential root oil of Pimpinella saxifraga subsp.alpestris is dominated by the C12-hydrocarbons pregeijerene and its thermal re­arrangement product geijerene (together amounting to 31.5%). The phenylpropanoid The essential root oil of Pimpinella saxifraga subsp.alpestris is dominated by the C12-hydrocarbons pregeijerene and its thermal re­arrangement product geijerene (together amounting to 31.5%). The phenylpropanoid
 trans-epoxy-pseudoisoeugenyl-2-methylbutyrate shows a lower proportion (23.9%) in comparison with the subsp. trans-epoxy-pseudoisoeugenyl-2-methylbutyrate shows a lower proportion (23.9%) in comparison with the subsp.
 eusaxifraga. Besides this, the large amount of ß-bisabolene (17.5%), being distinctively higher than eusaxifraga. Besides this, the large amount of ß-bisabolene (17.5%), being distinctively higher than
 in the other root oils, seems remarkable. As already observed in case of the root oils of the other Pim­pinella subspecies (Table I) monoterpene hydrocar­bons can only be detected in traces. \\ in the other root oils, seems remarkable. As already observed in case of the root oils of the other Pim­pinella subspecies (Table I) monoterpene hydrocar­bons can only be detected in traces. \\
-//Pimpinella saxifraga subsp. nigra//: This subspecies can be delimited from the others chiefly by cutting the fresh root from which a blue oil emerges, indicating the formation of an azulene de­rivative (1,4-dimethylazulene). +//**Pimpinella saxifraga subsp. nigra**//: This subspecies can be delimited from the others chiefly by cutting the fresh root from which a blue oil emerges, indicating the formation of an azulene de­rivative (1,4-dimethylazulene)... It is noteworthy that in contrast to the previously mentioned oils, the root oils of 
-" \\+Pimpinella saxifraga subsp.nigra are dominated by different C12-compounds, which represent approximately 60% and 80%, re­spectively, of these oils. Pregeijerene, 1,5-dimethyltricyclo-(4.4.0.02‘6)deca-4,7-diene and an unknown constituent are supposed to be inter­mediates, arising by stepwise dehydrogenation and cyclization during the formation of 1,4-dimethylazulene. The latter com­ponent, which was described in Pimpinella saxifraga 
 +subsp.nigra for the first time by Meuche and Huneck, is responsible for the characteristic blue colour of 
 +the root oil of this plant. It is remarkable that this norsesquiterpene is not a distillation artefact in the 
 +root oil of this plant. This is worth mentioning, because in the volatile oils of Thapsia garganica L. and 
 +Ruta graveolens L. 1,4-dimethylazulene is a decomposition product formed during hydrodistillation." \\
 [The compositions of the essential root oils from Pimpinella saxifraga sl and chemotaxonomic implications., Kubeczka, K. H., Bohn, I., Schultze, W., Z. Naturforsch., 44c, 1989, 177—182] [[http://zfn.mpdl.mpg.de/data/Reihe_C/44/ZNC-1989-44c-0177.pdf]] [The compositions of the essential root oils from Pimpinella saxifraga sl and chemotaxonomic implications., Kubeczka, K. H., Bohn, I., Schultze, W., Z. Naturforsch., 44c, 1989, 177—182] [[http://zfn.mpdl.mpg.de/data/Reihe_C/44/ZNC-1989-44c-0177.pdf]]
  
pimpinella_saxifraga_l.1417006697.txt.gz · Zuletzt geändert: 2014/11/26 13:58 von andreas