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pimpinella_saxifraga_l [2014/11/26 13:58] andreas |
pimpinella_saxifraga_l [2015/06/13 11:39] (aktuell) |
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Perennial herb, 0.30-0.60m high, native to Europe, West Asia, naturalized in North America; stem round in cross-section; | Perennial herb, 0.30-0.60m high, native to Europe, West Asia, naturalized in North America; stem round in cross-section; | ||
- | "// | + | Roots of this plant have been used in herbal medicine for their expectorant, |
+ | |||
+ | "//**Pimpinella saxifraga subsp. eusaxifraga**//: Because of the wide range of morphological variability and the unsatisfactory systematic division it seemed necessary to investigate the essential root oils from plants with simple segmented leaves and dissected leaves separately. Main constituent (about 60%) of the root oils from both forms is trans-epoxy-pseudoisoeugenyl-2-methylbutyrate. Furthermore, | ||
The root oil obtained from plants with simple segmented leaves contains 7.5% of an unknown sesquiterpene hydrocarbon C15H22, besides germacrene-B (2.7%) and germacrone. The latter can be recognized by a broad peak in the gas chromatogram, | The root oil obtained from plants with simple segmented leaves contains 7.5% of an unknown sesquiterpene hydrocarbon C15H22, besides germacrene-B (2.7%) and germacrone. The latter can be recognized by a broad peak in the gas chromatogram, | ||
- | // | + | //**Pimpinella saxifraga subsp. alpestris**//: This subspecies comprises small plants, growing in mountainous regions and cannot be distinguished reliably from special forms of the subsp.eusaxifraga by morphological features. |
The essential root oil of Pimpinella saxifraga subsp.alpestris is dominated by the C12-hydrocarbons pregeijerene and its thermal rearrangement product geijerene (together amounting to 31.5%). The phenylpropanoid | The essential root oil of Pimpinella saxifraga subsp.alpestris is dominated by the C12-hydrocarbons pregeijerene and its thermal rearrangement product geijerene (together amounting to 31.5%). The phenylpropanoid | ||
trans-epoxy-pseudoisoeugenyl-2-methylbutyrate shows a lower proportion (23.9%) in comparison with the subsp. | trans-epoxy-pseudoisoeugenyl-2-methylbutyrate shows a lower proportion (23.9%) in comparison with the subsp. | ||
eusaxifraga. Besides this, the large amount of ß-bisabolene (17.5%), being distinctively higher than | eusaxifraga. Besides this, the large amount of ß-bisabolene (17.5%), being distinctively higher than | ||
in the other root oils, seems remarkable. As already observed in case of the root oils of the other Pimpinella subspecies (Table I) monoterpene hydrocarbons can only be detected in traces. \\ | in the other root oils, seems remarkable. As already observed in case of the root oils of the other Pimpinella subspecies (Table I) monoterpene hydrocarbons can only be detected in traces. \\ | ||
- | // | + | //**Pimpinella saxifraga subsp. nigra**//: This subspecies can be delimited from the others chiefly by cutting the fresh root from which a blue oil emerges, indicating the formation of an azulene derivative (1, |
- | " \\ | + | Pimpinella saxifraga subsp.nigra are dominated by different C12-compounds, |
+ | subsp.nigra for the first time by Meuche and Huneck, is responsible for the characteristic blue colour of | ||
+ | the root oil of this plant. It is remarkable that this norsesquiterpene is not a distillation artefact in the | ||
+ | root oil of this plant. This is worth mentioning, because in the volatile oils of Thapsia garganica L. and | ||
+ | Ruta graveolens L. 1, | ||
[The compositions of the essential root oils from Pimpinella saxifraga sl and chemotaxonomic implications., | [The compositions of the essential root oils from Pimpinella saxifraga sl and chemotaxonomic implications., | ||