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Papaver somniferum L. - Papaveraceae - opium poppy, Schlafmohn
Annual herb, up to 1m tall, native to; glabrous, glaucous, rarely branched; leaves oblong-ovate, cordate-amplexicaul except the lowest which usually narrows into a short stalk, serrate, crenate or dentate; flowers showy, 5-10 cm in diam., white, pinkish or reddish, rarely pale violet, with or without a basal dark blotch; seeds small, white, blueish, grey, or black.
„Opium poppy is widely cultivated for its latex, containing alkaloids (specially Morphine, Codeine, Thebaine, Narcotine, Narceine and Papaverine), obtained by scratching, notching or making incision on young fruits, usually with a single pointed needle, after the petals have fallen. Opium is used in diarrhoea, diabetes and rheumatism etc., and it locally relieves the pain. It is also an antidote to snake poison and scorpion sting. The seeds are demulcent, nutritive (specially the darkgrey and black ones) and mildly astringent, sedative and narcotic. They yield an oil, used in cooking; darker coloured oil is used for making soap in Europe. The seed itself is used in cooking, making sweets locally as well as in other places in Asia.“
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=220009871
„Opium (poppy tears, lachryma papaveris) is the dried latex obtained from the opium poppy.“
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaver_somniferum
„The headspace of medicinal opium (Ph. Ned. 8) was analyzed by means of GC-FID, (+EI)-GC-MS (low and high resolution), and GC-FTIR. After olfactoric evaluation of the headspace sample by professional perfumers by the use of the GC-sniffing technique and after correlation tests with trained police dogs, more than 70 components were identified. With regard to the characteristic olfactoric properties of opium only one class of components, namely pyrazines, is of special interest. The synthetic mixture of 2-methyl-, 2,5-, and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine with 2-methoxy-3-isopropyl- and 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine was found to represent the original opium odour quite well.“ [Headspace constituents of opium. Buchbauer G, Nikiforov A, Remberg B., Planta Med. 1994 Apr;60(2):181-3]
