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Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze - syn.Keura odorifera Forssk. (basionym); Pandanus odoratissimus L.f.; Pandanus fascicularis Lam. var. fasicularis - Pandanaceae
pandan laut (indones.), padang, fragrant pandan, kewda
Dioecious evergreen shrub or tree, up to 15m tall, native from from India to Indonesia, naturalized elsewhere (eastern Africa, Florida); stems greyish-brown, ringed with many leaf scars; rosette of leaves on top of the branches, sword-like; male flowers with yellow bracts, fragrant. https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandan_laut
„…the fragrant male inflorescence is distilled in water and the vapour absorbed into sandalwood oil to make the perfume kewda attar.“
[Minter, Sue. The greatest glass house: the rainforests recreated. HMSO, 1990, 65]
The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by water distillation of the staminate inflorescences of Kewda (Pandanus fascicularisLam. var. fasicularis) and Ketaki (P.fascicularis Lam. var. Ketaki) are reported. The major components of kewda oil were found to be 2-phenylethyl methyl ether (65.6-75.4%), terpinen-4-ol (11.7-19.5%), p-cymene (1.0-3.1%) and α-terpineol (1.2-2.9%), while the major components of ketaki oil were 2-phenethyl methyl ether (66.2%), 4-hydroxy phenol (6.1%), 2-phenethyl alcohol (4.5%), 3-acetyl anisole (2.26%) and p-benzoquinone (1.3%).„
[Chemical composition of the essential oils of Kewda and Ketaki., Misra, R., Dash, P.K., Rao, Y.R., Journal of Essential Oil Research, 12(2), 2000, 175-178]
„The major components of the hydrodistilled kewda oil were 2-phenylethyl methyl ether (37.7%), terpinen-4-ol (18.6%), α -terpineol (8.3%) and 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol (7.5%), whereas the major constituents of kewda oil from the local market were 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol (33.2%), 2-phenyl ethyl methyl ether (16.1%), benzyl benzoate (11.0%), viridine (8.8%) and germacrene B (8.3%).“
[Essential oil composition of ‘kewda’(Pandanus odoratissimus) from India., Raina, V.K., Kumar, A., Srivastava, S.K., Syamsundar, K.V., Kahol, A.P., Flavour and fragrance journal, 19(5), 2004, 434-436]
„P.odorifer, which supports the local perfume industry by the perfume extracted from the male inflorescence, is cultivated in the Ganjam district of Orissa, India (Panda et al., 2007, 2009). It is estimated that about 35 million flowers (3500 tons) are processed annually to produce fragrance and flavour materials worth Rs. 400 million (US$ 8.9 million) (Anonymous, 1996)… The study reveals the fragrance potential of P.thwaitesii, P.kaida and P.palakkadensis, which could be xploited commercially for extraction of essential oil.“
[Collection, characterization and olfactory evaluation of Pandanus species in Southern India., Zanan, R.L., Nadaf, A.B., Plant Genetic Resources, 11(01), 2013, 84-86]
Roxburgh, W., Plants of the coast of Coromandel, vol.1 t.94 (1795)
http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=741740