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Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. - syn.Cactus ficus-indica L.; Opuntia decumana (Willd.) Haw.; Opuntia gymnocarpa F. A. C. Weber; Opuntia maxima Mill. - Cactaceae
prickly pear, Kaktusfeige
Shrub or tree, up to 6m tall, native to Mexico, cultivated and naturalized elsewhere; stem segments green, broadly oblong to ovate to narrowly elliptic; areoles broadly oblong to ovate to narrowly elliptic, up to 5mm diam., wool brown; spines 1-6 per areole, whitish to brown, up to 4cm long; flowers yellow. orange or red; fruits yellow or orange to purple, 5-10×4-9cm, fleshy; seeds gray or tan, elliptic-orbicular, 4-5×3.5-4mm.
„Opuntia ficus-indica, cultivated nearly worldwide, is presumed to be a native of Mexico, but is definitely known only from cultivation or escapes from cultivation. The species has been used for cattle feed, ornament, and fuel. As human food, the young stem segments, „nopalitos,“ are eaten as salad or pickled as a vegetable, and the large delicious fruits, „tunas,“ are enjoyed in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.“
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242415212
„The fruit are typically eaten, minus the thick outer skin, after chilling in a refrigerator for a few hours. They have a taste similar to a juicy, extra sweet watermelon. The bright red/purple or white/yellowish flesh contains many tiny hard seeds that are usually swallowed, but should be avoided by those who have problems digesting seeds. Jams and jellies are produced from the fruit, which resemble strawberries and figs in color and flavor.“
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opuntia_ficus-indica
„Among the volatiles isolated by solvent extraction from cactus pear fruit (Opuntia ficus indica) and identified by HRGC–MS, selected chiral and achiral constituents were characterized by enantiodifferentiation and 13C/12C isotope ratio analysis, using multidimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (MDGC–MS) and on-line gas chromatography–combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (HRGC-C-IRMS), respectively. While the enantiodistributions determined for methyl 2-methylbutanoate (98 : 2%, S : R), methyl 3-hydroxybutanoate (73 : 27%, R : S), 1-phenyl-ethanol (74 : 26%, R : S), linalool (68 : 32%, R : S), γ-nonalactone (65 : 35%, S : R), γ-deca-lactone (79 : 21%, R : S) and γ-dodecalactone (>99% R) can be discussed in relation to data previously provided for these compounds from various plant origins, the δ13C values of −22.0‰, −21.8‰, −19.1‰ and −20.9‰, measured for 1-hexanol, E-2-hexenol, E-2-nonenol and E,Z-2,6-nonadienol, respectively, are clear-cut indicators for their origin from plants with Crassulaceae acid metabolism (CAM), and thus may helpful for authenticity evaluations.“
[Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus indica) flavour constituents—chiral evaluation (MDGC–MS) and isotope ratio (HRGC–IRMS) analysis., Weckerle, B., Bastl‐Borrmann, R., Richling, E., Hör, K., Ruff, C., Schreier, P., Flavour and fragrance journal, Vol.16(5), 2001, 360-363]
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller as Opuntia vulgaris Miller
Thomé, O.W., Flora von Deutschland Österreich und der Schweiz, Tafeln, vol.3, t.355 (1885)
http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=720233