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Nigritella nigra (L.) Rchb. f. - syn. Gymnadenia nigra (L.) Rchb.f. - Orchidaceae
Vanilla orchif, Shcwarzes Kohlröschen, Schwarzes Männertreu, Bränderli
Endangered perennial, up to 15cm high, very rare, native to Europe, especially the Alps, Norway and Sweden (province flower of Jämtland); leaves linear, grass-like; flowers black-purple (sometimes also pinkish, white or pale yellow), very fragrant.
The unique spicy floral scent strongly reminescent of vanilla and cocoa is especially based on 2-phenylethanol (42.5%), 2-phenylacetaldehyde (9.0%), vanillin (0.1%), benzyl isovalerate (0.2%), 2-phenylethyl isovalerate (0.1%), methyl nicotinate (1.0%), eugenol (0.1%), (E)-geranylacetone (1.3%), 2-phenylethyl formate [?], and methyl benzoate (0.5%). \ [Scent of a vanishing flora, Roman Kaiser, 2011, 191 and 389]
The volatile fraction inflorescences of Nigritella nigra isolated by steam distillation (0.9% f.w.) contained mainly benzyl alcohol (28.9%) and 2-phenylethanol (10.4%). Other important constituents were phenylacetaldehyde (8.1%), heptanal (7.0%), isovaleric acid (3.2%), tricosane (4.7%), pentacosane (4.8%), and heptacosane (2.3%). Vanillin was present at 0.8%.
[Characterization of the volatile fraction of Nigritella nigra (L.) Rchb. F.(Orchidaceae), a rare species from the Central Alps., Tava, A., Cecotti, R., Confalonieri, M., Journal of Essential Oil Research, 24(1), 2012, 39-44] http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.645644
Lindman, C.A.M., Bilder ur Nordens Flora, vol.2 t.407 (1922-1926)
http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=485161