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Mentha arvensis L. - syn.Mentha austriaca Jacq. - Lamiaceae
corn mint, field mint, wild mint, पुदीना Pudina (Hindi), Acker-Minze, Korn-Minze
Perennial herb, 10-30(-60)cm high, pubescent, native to Europe and Asia, naturalized in North America; leaves short petioled, opposite, simple, coarsely serrated; flowers pale purple, in whorls on the stem at the bases of the leaves.
„The following chemical races based on essential oil composition, occur in North America: Type 1 - high in pulegone, isomenthone and menthone. Type 2 - high in linalool, cis-ocimene and trans-ocimene. Type 3 - high in cis-isopulegone and trans-isopulegone. Type 4 - high in cis- and trans-ocimene and in 1,8-cineol. These four chemotypes are not correlated with any of the morphological variations.“
[Variation in Mentha arvensis L.(Labiatae). I. The North American populations., Gill, L.S., Lawrence, B.M., Morton, J.K., Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 67(3), 1973, 213-232]
The major components of the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of M.arvensis growing in central India were menthol (71%), p-menthone (8%), iso-menthone (5%) and neo-menthol (3%).
[Chemical composition and antimycotic activity of the essential oils of corn mint (Mentha arvensis) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) against human pathogenic fungi. Pandey, A. K., Rai, M. K., Acharya, D., Pharmaceutical biology, Vol.41(6), 2003, 421-425]
„Japanese mint (or corn mint), Mentha arvensis, is the source of a major raw material for the flavours and fragrances industry. Distillation provides mint oil, and further processing (chilling) provides menthol crystals and dementholised mint oil. Production is now dominated by India, but in the first half of the 20th
century production was dominated by Japan, providing around 70% of global requirements from an estimated annual production of around 800 tons of arvensis oil, with the remaining demand supplied by China. Brazil then took over the position of dominant supplier, with annual production reaching 5,000 tons in the mid 1960’s. Extreme price and supply volatility resulted in the collapse of the Brazilian production sector and the re-entry of China as the major supplier during the 1980’s and the first half of the 1990’s. India entered the global market in the mid 1980’s and by the mid 1990’s production had reached 6,000 tons and India had taken over as dominant
supplier to the market…“
[ITC, 2014] http://www.intracen.org/uploadedFiles/intracenorg/Content/Exporters/Market_Data_and_Information/Market_information/Market_Insider/Essential_Oils/An%20overview%20of%20Mentha%20arvensis.pdf
Kops et al., J., Flora Batava, vol.15 t.1178 (1877)
http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=657940