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melaleuca_alternifolia_cheel [2015/02/06 21:43] andreas |
melaleuca_alternifolia_cheel [2021/12/29 11:46] (aktuell) andreas |
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- | Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel - Myrtaceae - tea tree, narrow-leaf paperbark, **Teebaum** | + | Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel - Myrtaceae - (narrow-leaf) |
- | Native | + | Tall shrub or small tree, up to 7m high, native to New South Wales; bark papery; leaves |
+ | |||
+ | " | ||
+ | | ||
+ | and, thereafter, on an annual basis. From the second harvest onwards, the industry oil yield averages about | ||
+ | 150kg per hectare per annum for planting densities of 25,000 - 35,000 per ha. Yields can vary considerably from | ||
+ | less than 100kgs per hectare to over 500kg per hectare, though both these extremes are unusual. " \\ | ||
+ | [[http:// | ||
"The indigenous Bundjalung people of eastern Australia use "tea trees" as a traditional medicine by inhaling the oils from the crushed leaves to treat coughs and colds. They also sprinkle leaves on wounds, after which a poultice is applied. In addition, tea tree leaves are soaked to make an infusion to treat sore throats or skin ailments." | "The indigenous Bundjalung people of eastern Australia use "tea trees" as a traditional medicine by inhaling the oils from the crushed leaves to treat coughs and colds. They also sprinkle leaves on wounds, after which a poultice is applied. In addition, tea tree leaves are soaked to make an infusion to treat sore throats or skin ailments." | ||
[[http:// | [[http:// | ||
- | The essential oil, obtained from the foliage and terminal branchlets | + | "As indicated by the title of the ISO standard, tea tree oil is rich in terpinen-4-ol, |
- | There are around 100 volatile compounds present, with different chemotypes have different chemical compositions. | + | terpinen-4-ol, |
+ | A typical gas chromatographic profile for Australian tea tree oil shows as components: α-pinene (1-6%), sabinene (trace-3.5%), | ||
+ | [The Australian tea tree oil industry., Davis, R.L., In Proceedings of International Federation of Essential Oils and Aroma Trades International Conference ‘Australia and New Zealand: Essential Oils and | ||
+ | Aroma Chemicals - Production and Markets’, Sydney, 2003, 29–40] [[http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | The essential oil (Melaleucae aetheroleum), obtained from the leaves | ||
+ | [Medicinal Plants of the World. Ben-Erik Van Wyk and Michael Wink, Pretoria 2004, 202] | ||
+ | |||
+ | "The mechanism of action of TTO [tea tree oil] against bacteria has now been partly elucidated... In summary, the loss of intracellular material, inability to maintain homeostasis, | ||
+ | [Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil: a review of antimicrobial and other medicinal properties., Carson, C.F., Hammer, K.A., Riley, T.V., Clinical microbiology reviews, 19(1), 2006, 50-62] [[http://cmr.asm.org/content/19/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | There are around 100 volatile compounds present | ||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | (left to right:) terpinen-4-ol, | ||
"The composition of Tea Tree Oil changes particularly in the presence of atmospheric oxygen but also when the oil is exposed to light and higher temperatures. The levels of α-terpinene, | "The composition of Tea Tree Oil changes particularly in the presence of atmospheric oxygen but also when the oil is exposed to light and higher temperatures. The levels of α-terpinene, | ||
- | peroxides, endoperoxides (ascaridole) and epoxides." | + | peroxides, endoperoxides (ascaridole) and epoxides... \\ |
- | "Tea Tree Oil is a skin sensitiser. Skin sensitisation may also be enhanced by irritancy. Neat | + | Tea Tree Oil is a skin sensitiser. Skin sensitisation may also be enhanced by irritancy. Neat |
- | Tea Tree Oil and certain formulations at concentrations of 5% or more can induce skin and eye irritation. Based on clinical data, the current use levels of TTO are shown to induce contact allergy." | + | Tea Tree Oil and certain formulations at concentrations of 5% or more can induce skin and eye irritation. Based on clinical data, the current use levels of TTO are shown to induce contact allergy... \\ |
- | "The following types of application for cosmetic products are given in the dossier: Skin - care products incl. post-waxing treatments up to 1.25%, Hair - care products up to 2.0%, Nail - care products up to 20%, Oral hygiene up to 0.2%, Personal hygiene including shaving products up to 2%. The undiluted might be used for other | + | The following types of application for cosmetic products are given in the dossier: Skin - care products incl. post-waxing treatments up to 1.25%, Hair - care products up to 2.0%, Nail - care products up to 20%, Oral hygiene up to 0.2%, Personal hygiene including shaving products up to 2%. The undiluted might be used for other |
- | purposes as well i.e. aromatherapy. " \\ | + | purposes as well i.e. aromatherapy." |
- | [SCCP/ | + | [SCCP/ |
- | About the Australian tea tree industry: http:// | ||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | [[https:// |