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Malva sylvestris L. - Malvaceae - common mallow, high mallow, tall mallow, cheeses, Wilde Malve, Rosspappel, Große Käsepappel
Erect perennial herb, 0.30-1m tall, native to Eurasia; inflorescences erect, axillary, clusters; flowers bright pink, pale in the centre, with darker pink (violet) lines like rays from the centre; petals 15-30mm , sepals 5-7mm long.
M.sylvestris „…is among the oldest known cultivated plants and was already cultivated in ancient times as a vegetable and medicinal plant. Its German trivial name 'Käsepappel' has nothing to do with the poplar, but refers to the cheese loaf-like, mucilaginous fruits, from which was prepared 'Papp' (pap).“
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilde_Malve
The main acidic polysaccharide preparation isolated from the leaves of M.sylvestris L. var mauritiana Mill. is composed of l-rhamnose, d-galactose, d-galacturonic acid, and d-glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 22:6:22:11, and contains 7.7% peptide. The substance showed considerable anticomplementary activity.
[Structure and anticomplementary activity of an acidic polysaccharide from the leaves of Malva sylvestris var. mauritiana., Gonda, R., Tomoda, M., Shimizu, N., Yamada, H., Carbohydrate research, Vol.198(2), 1990, 323-329]
The leaves of M.sylvestris contain 8-hydroxyflavonoid glucuronides like gossypetin 3-glucoside-8-glucuronide and hypolaetin 4′-methyl ether 8-glucuronide, hypolaetin 8-glucuronide and isoscutellarein 8-glucuronide.
[8-Hydroxyflavonoid glucuronides from Malva sylvestris., Billeter, M., Meier, B., Sticher, O., Phytochemistry, Vol.30(3), 1991, 987-990]
The dried leaves (Malvae folium) or flowers (Malvae flos) are used in folk medicine. „The main use of the herb is to treat mucosal irritations of the mouth and throat, that result in dry, irritating cough. It is also considered useful as a mild astringent to treat gastroenteritis. Traditionally it was used internally in case of bladder complaints and externally as a poultice for wounds.“
[Medicinal Plants of the World. Ben-Erik Van Wyk and Michael Wink, Pretoria 2004, 197]
M. sylvestris extract accelerated wound healing in rats. Extract-treated wounds showed increased well organized bands of collagen, more fibroblasts and few inflammatory cells. The extract effectively stimulated wound contraction as compared to control group and other groups. These findings support its traditional use.
[Wound healing activity of Malva sylvestris and Punica granatum in alloxan-induced diabetic rats., Pirbalouti, A.G., Azizi, S., Koohpayeh, A., Hamedi, B., Acta Pol Pharm, Vol.67(5), 2010, 511-516]
http://ptf.content-manager.pl/pub/File/Acta_Poloniae/2010/5/511.pdf
Kohl, F.G., Die officinellen Pflanzen der Pharmacopoea Germanica, t.55 (1891-1895) [F.G.Kohl]
http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=637965