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Lavandula latifolia Medik. - Lamiaceae - broadleaf lavender, spike lavender, Breitblättriger Lavendel, Speik, Spanischer Lavendel
Aromatic shrub, up to 80cm tall, native to the western Mediterranean region, cultivated and naturalized elsewhere; flowers pale lilac.
„The composition of six essential oil samples, obtained by steam distillation of twigs of spike lavender (Lavandula latifolia Med.) harvested in three different locations from southern Spain during the full flowering and fruiting phenological stages, has been analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS in combination with retention indices. Yields of the oils during flowering (1.5–2.2%) were 2.5–7 times higher than during fruiting (0.3–0.6%). Among the 56 identified constituents (accounting for 96.0–97.5% of the oils), the main and characteristic components were linalool (27.2–43.1%), 1,8-cineole (28.0–34.9%), camphor (10.8–23.2%), borneol (0.9–3.6%), β-pinene (0.8–2.6%), (E)-α-bisabolene (0.5–2.3%), β-pinene (0.6–1.9%), β-caryophyllene (0.5–1.9%), α-terpineol (0.8–1.6%), sabinene (0.3–0.8%), myrcene (0.3–0.8%), camphene (0.4–0.6%), terpinen-4-ol (0.3–0.5%) and limonene (0.2–0.9%). The volatile chemical composition and oil production of both full flowering and fruiting plants allowed to assess the type and quality of the spike lavender oils processed in the studied area.“
[Chemical composition and seasonal variations of spike lavender oil from Southern Spain., Salido, S., Altarejos, J., Nogueras, M., Sánchez, A., Luque, P., Journal of Essential Oil Research, Vol.16(3), 2004, 206-210]
„The essential oil of Lavandula latifolia collected from the North of Tunisia was isolated by steam distillation. Physicochemical Properties (density (22°C): 0.89; refractive index: 1.460, and specific rotation : -5° of isolated oil were determined using standard procedures. The oil was studied by GC and GC-MS. A total of 40 compounds were identified in the flower parts oil, the principal components being Linalool (32.3%), camphor (12.4%), 1,8-Cineole (11.7%), Lavandulol (8.7%), p-Cymen-8-ol (7.7%) and Bornyl acetate (4.2%).“
[Analysis of the essential oil of Lavandula latifolia from Tunisia., Alatrache, A., Jamoussi, B., Tarhouni, R., Abdrabba, M., Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, Vol.10(6), 2007, 446-452]
The composition of the essential oil of the flowers (spike lavender oil) in seven natural populations of Lavandula latifolia from the eastern Iberian Peninsula was analysed and suggests the existence of three groups of
essential oils with high, intermediate and low percentage of linalool, respectively.
Group I possesses linalool-rich oils (42-54%), with the lowest percentage of camphor (11-13%) and 20-28% of cineole. Group II, whose oils have an intermediate proportion of linalool (31-36%) and higher percentages of camphor (15-18%), limonene, β-caryophyllene and borneol, whereas cineole percentages range from 28 to 34%. The group III is characterized on the one hand by the highest percentage (47.9%) of cineole and on the other hand by their richness in α- and β-pinene, sabinene, myrcene, and sabinene hydrate, but the lowest linalool content (15.1%) and a 16.5% of camphor. Lavandulyl acetate was completely absent in all oils and lavandulol content was 0.2-1.0%.
[Essential oil variation within and among natural populations of Lavandula latifolia and its relation to their ecological areas., Muñoz-Bertomeu, J., Arrillaga, I., Segura, J., Biochemical systematics and Ecology, Vol.35(8), 2007, 479-488] http://www.researchgate.net/publication/223687891_Essential_oil_variation_within_and_among_natural_populations_of_Lavandula_latifolia_and_its_relation_to_their_ecological_areas/file/60b7d52a09bd39f069.pdf