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Juniperus rigida Siebold & Zucc. - Cupressaceae - 杜松 du song (chin.), temple juniper, Igel-Wacholder

Evergreen shrub or small tree, up to 10m high, native to northern China, Korea, Japan, and the far southeast of Russia.

„The composition of the leaf oils of Juniperus rigida from northeast China, Japan and Korea are reported. The Japanese samples were very similar to previous literature reports being rich in bornyl acetate (40.5–59.0%) and α-pinene (13.5–15.4%), but the samples from northeast China and Korea showed geographical differentiation in the production of increased amounts of α-pinene (39.7% and 53.5% respectively) and reduced amounts of bornyl acetate (1.3% and 2.8% respectively).“
α-pinene (39.7%) was the main component in the essential oil from the leaves of a J.rigida tree from the Botanical garden of Beijing (origin = ne China). Other components were myrcene (11.2%), 2-undecanone (4.8%), limonene (4.2%), germacrene D (2.3%), bornyl acetate (1.3%).
[Comparisons of the volatile leaf oils of Juniperus rigida Mig. from northeastern China, Korea and Japan. Adams, R. P., Chu, G. L., Zhang, S. Z., Journal of Essential Oil Research, Vol.7(1), 1995, 49-52]
[The leaf essential oils and chemotaxonomy of Juniperus sect. Juniperus. Adams, R. P., Biochemical Systematics and ecology, Vol.26(6), 1998, 637-645] http://www.juniperus.org/uploads/2/2/6/3/22639912/146-1998bse26637.pdf