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juniperus_communis_l [2016/11/22 09:44]
andreas 		juniperus_communis_l [2022/06/05 12:13]
andreas
Zeile 9: Zeile 9:
 Dried seed cones, commonly known as "juniper berries", are used as spice in European kitchen, especially for venison and sauerkraut (sour cabbage). There are juniper-flavored distilled beverages like [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gin|gin]] and [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wacholder|wacholder]]. Dried seed cones, commonly known as "juniper berries", are used as spice in European kitchen, especially for venison and sauerkraut (sour cabbage). There are juniper-flavored distilled beverages like [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gin|gin]] and [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wacholder|wacholder]].
  
-"Juniper berry oil is stated to possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities and its monographs are+"**Juniper berry oil** is stated to possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities and its monographs are
 included in some National Pharmacopoeias. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the oil was reported included in some National Pharmacopoeias. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the oil was reported
 by some authors. In our study we estimated the antibacterial and antifungal activity of three different juniper by some authors. In our study we estimated the antibacterial and antifungal activity of three different juniper
Zeile 26: Zeile 26:
 yeast-like fungi and dermatophytes, with MIC values below 10% (V/V). The strongest fungicidal activity was recorded against Candida spp. (MIC from 0.78 to 2%, V/V) and dermatophytes (from 0.39 to 2%, V/V)." \\ yeast-like fungi and dermatophytes, with MIC values below 10% (V/V). The strongest fungicidal activity was recorded against Candida spp. (MIC from 0.78 to 2%, V/V) and dermatophytes (from 0.39 to 2%, V/V)." \\
 [Antimicrobial activity of juniper berry essential oil (Juniperus communis L., Cupressaceae). Pepeljnjak, S., Kosalec, I., Kalodera, Z., Blazevic, N., Acta Pharmaceutica -ZAGREB-, 55(4), 2005, 417] [[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/29715?origin=publication_detail]] [Antimicrobial activity of juniper berry essential oil (Juniperus communis L., Cupressaceae). Pepeljnjak, S., Kosalec, I., Kalodera, Z., Blazevic, N., Acta Pharmaceutica -ZAGREB-, 55(4), 2005, 417] [[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/29715?origin=publication_detail]]
 +
 +The main monoterpenoids (representing 70% of the sample’s volatile fraction) detected by SPME in the
 +headspace of juniper berries were terpinen-4-ol (22.5-30.6%), p-cymene (7.58-13.5%), β-myrcene (10.6-11.3%), ɣ-terpinene (3.0-10.1%), α-pinene (8.5-13.4%), limonene (4.4-5.9%) and α-terpinene (1.3-4.2%). Main sequiterpenoid was δ-cadinene (3.9-5.9%). Cis-rose oxide was found only by SPME (0.11-0.18%) but not not in SDE. \\
 +[HS-SPME coupled to GC/MS for quality control of Juniperus communis L. berries used for gin aromatization., Vichi, S., Riu-Aumatell, M., Mora-Pons, M., Guadayol, J. M., Buxaderas, S., López-Tamames, E., Food Chemistry, 105(4), 1748-1754, 2007]
 +
 +----
 +
 +Main components of an industrial essential oil from the branches were α-pinene (18.7%) and thujopsene (25.3%). Minor constiuents were monoterpenes like α-thujene, α-pinene, sabinene, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, α-terpinyl acetate, and sesquiterpenes like α-cedrene, β-cedrene, cuparene, cedrol, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, germacrene D and δ-cadinene e.g. \\ 
 +"The presence of thujopsene distinguishes juniper branches oil from juniper berry oils and juniper needle oils." \\
 +[Bats, J. P., et al. "Chemical composition of an industrial essential oil from juniper branches (Juniperus communis L.)." Proceedings of the 11th International Congress of essential oils, fragrances and flavours. New Delhi, India, 12-16 November, 1989 Vol. 4 Chemistry-analysis and structure.. Aspect Publishing, 1990]
  
 The root oil of Juniperus communis subsp.alpina showed a very special composition of sesquiterpenes with cedrol (37%), longifolene (11%), longiborneol (8%), α-cedrene (6%), nootkatone (3%), β-cedrene (1.4%), thujopsene (1.1%) and valencene (1.7%).\\ The root oil of Juniperus communis subsp.alpina showed a very special composition of sesquiterpenes with cedrol (37%), longifolene (11%), longiborneol (8%), α-cedrene (6%), nootkatone (3%), β-cedrene (1.4%), thujopsene (1.1%) and valencene (1.7%).\\
Zeile 34: Zeile 44:
 [Biological Flora of the British Isles: //Juniperus communis L.//, Thomas, P. A., El‐BarghathiI, M., Polwart, A., Journal of Ecology, Vol.95(6), 2007, 1404-1440] [[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01308.x/full]] [Biological Flora of the British Isles: //Juniperus communis L.//, Thomas, P. A., El‐BarghathiI, M., Polwart, A., Journal of Ecology, Vol.95(6), 2007, 1404-1440] [[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01308.x/full]]
  
-The main monoterpenoids (representing 70% of the sample’s volatile fraction) detected by SPME in the +(3E,5Z)-undeca-1,3,5-triene (0.02%) is a key odorant of the needle scent of Juniperus communis. \\ 
-headspace of juniper berries were terpinen-4-ol (22.5-30.6%), p-cymene (7.58-13.5%), β-myrcene (10.6-11.3%), ɣ-terpinene (3.0-10.1%), α-pinene (8.5-13.4%), limonene (4.4-5.9%) and α-terpinene (1.3-4.2%). Main sequiterpenoid was δ-cadinene (3.9-5.9%). \\ +[Scent of a vanishing flora, Roman Kaiser, 2011, 170]  
-[HS-SPME coupled to GC/MS for quality control of Juniperus communis L. berries used for gin aromatization., Vichi, S., Riu-Aumatell, M., Mora-Pons, M., Guadayol, J. M., Buxaderas, S., López-Tamames, E., Food Chemistry, 105(4), 1748-1754, 2007]+ 
 +---- 
 + 
 +Aroma-active compounds with the highest flavor dilution (FD) factors, identified in distillates obtained from two different Bavarian gins, were: (Z)-rose oxide, linalool, anethole, eugenol, limonene, δ-carene, octanal, coumarin, α-pinene, γ-terpinene, myrcene, (E,E)-2,6-nonadienal, nonanal, and hexanal. \\ 
 +[Buck, Nina, et al. "Key Aroma Compounds in Two Bavarian Gins." Applied Sciences 10.20 (2020): 7269] [[https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/20/7269/pdf]]
  
-{{:juniperus_communis.jpg?500}} \\+{{:juniperus_communis.jpg?600}} \\
 Köhler, F.E., Medizinal Pflanzen, vol.1 t.53 (1887) [W. Müller] \\ Köhler, F.E., Medizinal Pflanzen, vol.1 t.53 (1887) [W. Müller] \\
 [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=570443]] [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=570443]]
  
-{{:juniperus20141004.jpg?800|}} \\+{{:juniperus20141004.jpg|}} \\
 Juniperus communis, [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/|CC BY-SA 3.0]], Author: Andreas Kraska Juniperus communis, [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/|CC BY-SA 3.0]], Author: Andreas Kraska
juniperus_communis_l.txt · Zuletzt geändert: 2022/06/05 12:13 von andreas

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