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Hesperis matronalis L. - Brassicaceae - dame’s rocket, sweet rocket, damask-violet, Gewöhnliche Nachtviole
Biennial or perennial herb, up to 80cm tall; basal leaves withered by flowering, cauline leaves narrowly oblong, lanceolate, or broadly ovate; flowers deep purple, lavender, or white.
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200009560
„…native to Eurasia and cultivated in many other areas of the world for their attractive, spring-blooming flowers… In Europe, it is host to the caterpillars of several butterfly species, including the Orange Tip Anthocharis cardamines, Large White Pieris brassicae, Small White Pieris rapae, and moths, such as Plutella porrectella.“
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesperis_matronalis
Floral rate emission measurements showed two main groups of scent components: Aromatics like benzaldehyde, benzylacetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, as well as terpenoids like α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, E-β-ocimene, and linalool.
[Flower color–flower scent associations in polymorphic Hesperis matronalis (Brassicaceae). Cassie J. Majetic, Robert A. Raguso, Stephen J. Tonsor, Tia-Lynn Ashman, Phytochemistry 68 (2007) 865–874] http://www.pitt.edu/~biology/Dept/pdf/1970.pdf
The seeds contain alkaloids, mainly hesperaline (choline ester of veratric acid), and smaller amounts of vanilylcholine, p-coumarocylcholine and 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoylcholine.
[The biology of Canadian weeds. 140. Hesperis matronalis L., Francis, A., Cavers, P.B., Warwick, S.I., Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 89(1), 2009, 191-206]
Hesperis matronalis, CC BY-SA 3.0, Author: Andreas Kraska
Hesperis matronalis flowers, CC BY-SA 3.0, Author: Andreas Kraska