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eruca_vesicaria_subsp._sativa_mill._thell [2015/01/24 15:39]
andreas |
eruca_vesicaria_subsp._sativa_mill._thell [2023/02/28 09:10]
andreas |
| [Pignone, D., & Gomez-Campo, C. (2011). 8.1 Basic Botany of Eruca spp. Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources: Oilseeds, 3, 149] | [Pignone, D., & Gomez-Campo, C. (2011). 8.1 Basic Botany of Eruca spp. Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources: Oilseeds, 3, 149] |
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| "It is sometimes conflated with Diplotaxis tenuifolia, the perennial wall rocket, another plant of the Brassicaceae family, which in the past was used in the same manner." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eruca_sativa]] | "It is sometimes conflated with [[diplotaxis_tenuifolia_l._dc|Diplotaxis tenuifolia]], the perennial wall rocket, another plant of the Brassicaceae family, which in the past was used in the same manner." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eruca_sativa]] |
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| "The aroma compounds of rocket salad (Eruca sativa) SPME headspace samples of fresh leaves were analyzed using GC, GC−MS, and olfactometry. More than 50 constituents of the Eruca headspace could be identified to be essential volatiles, responsible for the characteristic intense green; herbal; nutty and almond-like; Brassicaceae-like (direction of cabbage, broccoli, and mustard); and horseradish-like aroma of these salad leaves. As aroma impact compounds, especially isothiocyanates, and derivatives of butane, hexane, octane, and nonane were identified. 4-Methylthiobutyl isothiocyanate (14.2%), cis-3-hexen-1-ol (11.0%), cis-3-hexenyl butanoate (10.8%), 5-methylthiopentyl isothiocyanate (9.3%), cis-3-hexenyl 2-methylbutanoate (5.4%), and 5-methylthiopentanenitrile (5.0%) were found in concentrations higher than 5.0%." \\ | "The major and structurally unique glucosinolate (GLS) in leaves of Eruca sativa L. (salad rocket) was identified as 4-mercaptobutyl GLS. Both 4-methylthiobutyl GLS and 4-methylsulfinylbutyl GLS were also present, but at lower concentrations. The 4-mercaptobutyl GLS was observed to oxidise under common GLS extraction conditions, generating a disulfide GLS that may be reduced efficiently by tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) to reform the parent molecule... GLS-derived volatiles generated by autolysis of fresh seedlings and true leaves were 4-mercaptobutyl ITC (from the newly identified GLS), 4-methylthiobutyl ITC (from 4-methylthiobutyl GLS) and 4-methylsulfinylbutyl ITC (from 4-methylsulfinyl-butyl GLS); no unusual bi-functional disulfides were found in fresh leaf autolysate. These results led to the conclusion that, in planta, the new GLS must be present as 4-mercaptobutyl GLS and not as the disulfide found after extraction and sample concentration. This new GLS and its isothiocyanate are likely to contribute to the unique odour and flavour of E. sativa." \\ |
| | [Identification of the major glucosinolate (4-mercaptobutyl glucosinolate) in leaves of Eruca sativa L.(salad rocket)., Bennett, R.N., Mellon, F.A., Botting, N.P., Eagles, J., Rosa, E.A., Williamson, G., Phytochemistry, Vol.61(1), 2002, 25-30] |
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| | "The aroma compounds of rocket salad (Eruca sativa) SPME headspace samples of fresh leaves were analyzed using GC, GC−MS, and olfactometry. More than 50 constituents of the Eruca headspace could be identified to be essential volatiles, responsible for the characteristic intense green; herbal; nutty and almond-like; Brassicaceae-like (direction of cabbage, broccoli, and mustard); and horseradish-like aroma of these salad leaves. As aroma impact compounds, especially isothiocyanates, and derivatives of butane, hexane, octane, and nonane were identified. 4-Methylthiobutyl isothiocyanate (14.2%), cis-3-hexen-1-ol (11.0%), cis-3-hexenyl butanoate (10.8%), 5-methylthiopentyl isothiocyanate (9.3%), cis-3-hexenyl 2-methylbutanoate (5.4%), and [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1552201.html|5-methylthiopentanenitrile]] (5.0%) were found in concentrations higher than 5.0%." \\ |
| [Aroma compound analysis of Eruca sativa (Brassicaceae) SPME headspace leaf samples using GC, GC-MS, and olfactometry. Jirovetz, L., Smith, D., & Buchbauer, G., Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Vol.50(16), 2002, 4643-4646] | [Aroma compound analysis of Eruca sativa (Brassicaceae) SPME headspace leaf samples using GC, GC-MS, and olfactometry. Jirovetz, L., Smith, D., & Buchbauer, G., Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Vol.50(16), 2002, 4643-4646] |
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| {{mtbitc.jpg}} 4-methylthiobutyl isothiocyanate (cleavage product of glucoerucin) | {{4mtbitc.jpg}} 4-methylthiobutyl isothiocyanate (cleavage product of glucoerucin) |
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| "Rocket (Eruca sativa Mill. or Eruca vesicaria L.) is widely distributed all over the world and is usually consumed fresh (leafs or sprouts) for its typical spicy taste. Nevertheless, it is mentioned in traditional pharmacopoeia and ancient literature for several therapeutic properties, and it does contain a number of health promoting agents including carotenoids, vitamin C, fibers, flavonoids, and glucosinolates (GLs). The latter phytochemicals have recently gained attention as being the precursors of isothiocyanates (ITCs), which are released by myrosinase hydrolysis during cutting, chewing, or processing of the vegetable. ITCs are recognized as potent inducers of phase II enzymes (e.g., glutathione transferases, NAD(P)H:quinone reductase, epoxide hydrolase, etc.), which are important in the detoxification of electrophiles and protection against oxidative stress. The major GL found in rocket seeds is [[http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/656539|glucoerucin]], GER (108 +/- 5 micromol g(-)(1) d.w.) that represents 95% of total GLs. The content is largely conserved in sprouts (79% of total GLs), and GER is still present to some extent in adult leaves. Unlike other GLs (e.g., glucoraphanin, the bio-precursor of sulforaphane), GER possesses good direct as well as indirect antioxidant activity." \\ | "Rocket (Eruca sativa Mill. or Eruca vesicaria L.) is widely distributed all over the world and is usually consumed fresh (leafs or sprouts) for its typical spicy taste. Nevertheless, it is mentioned in traditional pharmacopoeia and ancient literature for several therapeutic properties, and it does contain a number of health promoting agents including carotenoids, vitamin C, fibers, flavonoids, and glucosinolates (GLs). The latter phytochemicals have recently gained attention as being the precursors of isothiocyanates (ITCs), which are released by myrosinase hydrolysis during cutting, chewing, or processing of the vegetable. ITCs are recognized as potent inducers of phase II enzymes (e.g., glutathione transferases, NAD(P)H:quinone reductase, epoxide hydrolase, etc.), which are important in the detoxification of electrophiles and protection against oxidative stress. The major GL found in rocket seeds is [[http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/656539|glucoerucin]], GER (108 +/- 5 micromol g(-)(1) d.w.) that represents 95% of total GLs. The content is largely conserved in sprouts (79% of total GLs), and GER is still present to some extent in adult leaves. Unlike other GLs (e.g., glucoraphanin, the bio-precursor of sulforaphane), GER possesses good direct as well as indirect antioxidant activity." \\ |
| {{:eruca_sativa.jpg|}} \\ | {{:eruca_sativa.jpg|}} \\ |
| [[http://plantgenera.org/illustration.php?id_illustration=239462|Willkomm, H.M., Illustrationes florae Hispaniae insularumque Balearium, vol. 1: t. 59, fig. h-k (1881-1885)]] | [[http://plantgenera.org/illustration.php?id_illustration=239462|Willkomm, H.M., Illustrationes florae Hispaniae insularumque Balearium, vol. 1: t. 59, fig. h-k (1881-1885)]] |
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| | {{http://www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at/Bilder/Konica_3/PICT4657.JPG}} \\ |
| | Eruca sativa, Wien (Austria) © Rolf Marschner (2006) [[http://botanische-spaziergaenge.at/viewtopic.php?f=463&t=1724| www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at]] |
