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dipterocarpus_turbinatus_c._f._gaertn [2018/06/28 19:53]
andreas |
dipterocarpus_turbinatus_c._f._gaertn [2018/08/27 08:59]
andreas |
| "All Dipterocarpus species produce a high proportion of oleoresins which come under various local names such as gurjan oil (India), kanyin oil (Burma) and minyak keruing (western Malesia). A well-known oleoresin comes from D.turbinatus which is the principal source of 'kanyin oil' in Burma and 'gurjan oil' in Bangladesh and India. The best yielding species are Dipterocarpus cornutus, D.crinitus, D. hasseltii, D. kerrii and D. grandiflorus (Malesia), D. turbinatus and D. tuberculatus (India, Bangladesh, Burma), D. alatus (Bangladesh, Andamans, Indochina) and D. grandiflorus (Philippines)... A pale yellow oil with a balsamic odour is obtained (yield 46%) through steam distillation of the oleoresin... The commercial gurjan oil is the oleoresin mixed with small quantities of oleoresin from Dipterocarpus alatus, D. costatus and D. macrocarpus. It is a viscid fluid, highly florescent, transparent and dark reddish brown in colour when seen against the light. It oxidises when exposed to the atmosphere. The essential oil consists of two distinct sesquiterpenes, alpha and beta gurjunene... ... The Pharmacopoeia of India 1868, officially describes it as a stimulant of mucous surfaces, particularly those of the genito-urinary system, and as diuretic (Watt 1899)... In European medicine gurjan oil was mainly used as an adulterant for copaiba." \\ | "All Dipterocarpus species produce a high proportion of oleoresins which come under various local names such as gurjan oil (India), kanyin oil (Burma) and minyak keruing (western Malesia). A well-known oleoresin comes from D.turbinatus which is the principal source of 'kanyin oil' in Burma and 'gurjan oil' in Bangladesh and India. The best yielding species are Dipterocarpus cornutus, D.crinitus, D. hasseltii, D. kerrii and D. grandiflorus (Malesia), D. turbinatus and D. tuberculatus (India, Bangladesh, Burma), D. alatus (Bangladesh, Andamans, Indochina) and D. grandiflorus (Philippines)... A pale yellow oil with a balsamic odour is obtained (yield 46%) through steam distillation of the oleoresin... The commercial gurjan oil is the oleoresin mixed with small quantities of oleoresin from Dipterocarpus alatus, D. costatus and D. macrocarpus. It is a viscid fluid, highly florescent, transparent and dark reddish brown in colour when seen against the light. It oxidises when exposed to the atmosphere. The essential oil consists of two distinct sesquiterpenes, alpha and beta gurjunene... ... The Pharmacopoeia of India 1868, officially describes it as a stimulant of mucous surfaces, particularly those of the genito-urinary system, and as diuretic (Watt 1899)... In European medicine gurjan oil was mainly used as an adulterant for copaiba." \\ |
| [Appanah, S., & Turnbull, J. M. (Eds.). (1998). A review of dipterocarps: taxonomy, ecology, and silviculture. Cifor., 188] [[http://www.cifor.org/publications/pdf_files/books/dipterocarps.pdf]] | [Appanah, S., & Turnbull, J. M. (Eds.). (1998). A review of dipterocarps: taxonomy, ecology, and silviculture. Cifor., 188] [[http://www.cifor.org/publications/pdf_files/books/dipterocarps.pdf]] |
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| | A commercial sample of gurjun balsam oil (origin Malaysia) contained α-gurjunene (68.4%) and alloaromadendrene (12.9%) as main components. [[https://www.stillpointaromatics.com/image/data/GCMS/Balsam%20Gurjuin%20GC%202011.pdf]] |
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| | |{{:gurjunene_alpha.png|α-gurjunene}} \\ α-gurjunene |{{:alloaromadendrene.png|alloaromadendrene}} \\ alloaromadendrene | |
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| "Gurjun balsam is an oleoresin exuded from species of Dipterocarpus, Diptorocarpaceae, originated in the forest regions of Southeast Asia. This oil is a pathological product formed after incisions or other damage to the bark of the trees. Historically, this oil is known for its use in the adulteration of some essential oils such as ylang-ylang, patchouli, vetiver, and others. Gurjun balsam consists of 60 to 80% of an essential sticky oil used in perfume for its sweet, woody, balsamic aroma (Bombarda et al., 1997). In the essential oil of Gurjun balsam obtained from Dipterocarpus dyeri, a high concentration of [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1025401.html|α-gurjunene]] was found, and various sesquiterpenes, including calarene, alloaromadendrene and γ-gurjunene (Ehret & Ourisson, 1969). Rücker & Hefendehl (1978) also found guaianic alcohol in this balsam; guaien-(5)-ol-(11)..." \\ | "Gurjun balsam is an oleoresin exuded from species of Dipterocarpus, Diptorocarpaceae, originated in the forest regions of Southeast Asia. This oil is a pathological product formed after incisions or other damage to the bark of the trees. Historically, this oil is known for its use in the adulteration of some essential oils such as ylang-ylang, patchouli, vetiver, and others. Gurjun balsam consists of 60 to 80% of an essential sticky oil used in perfume for its sweet, woody, balsamic aroma (Bombarda et al., 1997). In the essential oil of Gurjun balsam obtained from Dipterocarpus dyeri, a high concentration of [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1025401.html|α-gurjunene]] was found, and various sesquiterpenes, including calarene, alloaromadendrene and γ-gurjunene (Ehret & Ourisson, 1969). Rücker & Hefendehl (1978) also found guaianic alcohol in this balsam; guaien-(5)-ol-(11)..." \\ |
| [[http://vanaroma.com/product/gurjun-balsam]] | [[http://vanaroma.com/product/gurjun-balsam]] |
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| {{dipterocarpus_turbinatus.jpg?500}} \\ | {{dipterocarpus_turbinatus.jpg?600}} \\ |
| Roxburgh, W., Plants of the coast of Coromandel, vol.3 t.213 (1819) \\ | Roxburgh, W., Plants of the coast of Coromandel, vol.3 t.213 (1819) \\ |
| [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=350830]] | [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=350830]] |
