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Dianthus caryophyllus L. - Caryophyllaceae carnation, Gartennelke , Landnelke
Erect perennial herb, up to 80cm high, native to the Mediterranean, cultivated since ancient times.
Older varieties of carnation have a spicy/clove odor, determined by eugenol. Most modern varieties produce low levels of eugenol and lack the characteristic fragrance: „The headspace GC/MS analysis of five varieties of perpetual flowering carnations and one Malmaison type showed significant differences in the chemical composition of their flower scent. The principal difference in odor between the varieties was accounted for by the proportion of eugenol (trace-84.1%) and methyl salicylate (0.1–1.4%).“
[ An investigation into the scent of carnations. Clery, R. A., Owen, N. E., Chambers, S. F., Thornton-Wood, S. P., Journal of Essential Oil Research, Vol.11(3), 1999, 355-359]
„Thirteen major volatiles of the carnation flower fragrance signature have been identified by GC/MS. Of these, ten, hexanal, (2E)-hexenal, 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol, 3-hexen-1-ol, nonanal, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate and caryophyllene, were quantified.“
[Fragrance volatiles of developing and senescing carnation flowers. Schade, F., Legge, R. L., & Thompson, J. E., Phytochemistry, Vol.56(7), 2001, 703-710]
