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--- cyclopia_intermedia_e._mey [2016/01/03 00:11]
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+++ cyclopia_intermedia_e._mey [2016/01/07 21:00] (aktuell)
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 Cyclopia intermedia E. Mey. - Fabaceae - honeybush (tea), **Honigbusch**
-Subshrub endemic between Port Elizabeth and the edge of the Langkloof in South America; leaves trifoliate, yellowish green; flowers bright yellow... The leaves of honeybush are commonly used to make herbal teas (healthy beverage) considered antioxidant.
+Subshrub endemic between Port Elizabeth and the edge of the Langkloof in South Africa; leaves trifoliate, yellowish green; flowers bright yellow... The leaves of honeybush are commonly used to make herbal teas (healthy beverage) considered antioxidant.
 "There are dozens of species of honeybush tea found in the wild, of which mainly 4 or 5 are in widespread home or commercial use." \\
 [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopia_%28plant%29]]
-"The fermented leaves and stems of Cyclopia intermedia are used to brew Honeybush tea, a herbal tea indigenous to South Africa. The plant is also used to manufacture a sweet herbal infusion used for restorative properties such as soothing coughs and alleviating bronchial complaints including tuberculosis, pneumonia, and catarrh. It is claimed to have a low tannin content and no caffeine and contains various antioxidants. Continued investigations into the phenolic content of the leaves and stems of C. intermedia yielded tyrosol and a methoxy analogue,... five glycosylated flavonols, two isoflavones, four flavanones, two isoflavones, and two flavones." \\
+"Plants from the genus Cyclopia are easily recognized by their sweetly, scented yellow, pea flowers. All 23 species of Cyclopia occur only in fynbos; from the Cederberg Mountains, southwards to the Cape Peninsula and eastwards to Port Elizabeth. Usually species are restricted to very small areas and then also to very specific habitats like high mountain peaks, marshy areas, shale bands and wet southern slopes. \\
+Honeybush tea [Cyclopia genistoides (L) R.Br.] was traditionally harvested only for home use, but has recently developed into an exciting, new commercial product as the demand has increased from tea-lovers around the world. Other species such as Cyclopia intermedia (bergtee) and Cyclopia subternata (vleitee) and Cyclopia sessiliflora (Heidelbergtee) are also harvested for tea." \\
+[[http://plantzafrica.com/plantcd/cyclopiagenistoides.htm]]
+"The fermented leaves and stems of Cyclopia intermedia are used to brew Honeybush tea, a herbal tea indigenous to South Africa. The plant is also used to manufacture a sweet herbal infusion used for restorative properties such as soothing coughs and alleviating bronchial complaints including tuberculosis, pneumonia, and catarrh. It is claimed to have a low tannin content and no caffeine and contains various antioxidants. Continued investigations into the phenolic content of the leaves and stems of C. intermedia yielded [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosol|tyrosol]] and a methoxy analogue,... five glycosylated flavonols, two isoflavones, four flavanones, two isoflavones, and two flavones." \\
 [Polyphenols from honeybush tea (Cyclopia intermedia). Kamara, B. I., Brandt, E. V., Ferreira, D., Joubert, E., Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol.51(13), 2003, 3874-3879]
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 which is variously called Heuningtee, Bergtee, Boertee, Bossiestee and Bush tea. Upon harvesting the plant
 material is cut to disrupt cellular integrity, fermented in either a curing heap or at elevated temperatures in a preheated baking oven, and then allowed to dry. During the fermentation process, the plant material changes color from green to dark brown as the phenolic compounds are oxidized...\\
-After 72 h of fermentation, du Toit and Joubert (1998) found significant reductions of 26% in the concentration of total polyphenols compared with the amount present at 24 h (129.2 vs 95.6 g/kg soluble solids), of 32% in flavonoids over the same time period (92.0 vs 62.2 g/kg soluble solids) and of 60% in the tannin content (40.1 vs 16.0 g/kg soluble solids)... honeybush tea extracts prepared from fermented plant materials containing the flowers had significantly less total polyphenols, but more favorable organoleptic properties including a sweeter aroma, flavor and better quality overall." \\
+After 72 h of fermentation, du Toit and Joubert (1998) found significant reductions of 26% in the concentration of total polyphenols compared with the amount present at 24 h (129.2 vs 95.6 g/kg soluble solids), of 32% in flavonoids over the same time period (92.0 vs 62.2 g/kg soluble solids) and of 60% in the tannin content (40.1 vs 16.0 g/kg soluble solids)... //honeybush tea extracts prepared from fermented plant materials containing the flowers had significantly less total polyphenols, but more favorable organoleptic properties including a sweeter aroma, flavor and better quality overall//." \\
 [A review of the bioactivity of South African herbal teas: rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia intermedia). McKay, Diane L., and Jeffrey B. Blumberg., Phytotherapy Research Vol.21(1), 2007, 1-16]

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