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cistus_ladanifer_l [2018/10/04 15:25]
andreas
cistus_ladanifer_l [2019/02/03 12:27]
andreas
Zeile 12: Zeile 12:
 Commercial labdanum oil contained more than 300 constituents. Of the 186 compounds identified (95% of the oil), 154 were neutral, and 32 acidic. Typical for labdanum oil were oxidized derivatives of C15-C20 ring systems (aromadendrane, cadinane, and labdane). \\ Commercial labdanum oil contained more than 300 constituents. Of the 186 compounds identified (95% of the oil), 154 were neutral, and 32 acidic. Typical for labdanum oil were oxidized derivatives of C15-C20 ring systems (aromadendrane, cadinane, and labdane). \\
 Main constituents of the oil were ledene (9.3%), dihydrocinnamic acid (6.5%), labd-7-enoic acid (6.3%), myrtenic acid (6.0%), labd-8(17)-enoic acid (5.1%), palmitic acid (5.1%), viridiflorol (4.3%), cubeban‐11‐ol (4.1%), labd-8-enoic acid (4.0%), decanoic acid (3.8%), octanoic acid (3.7%), myristic acid (2.7%), lauric acid (2.5%), borneol (2.0%), copaborneol (1.8%), bornyl acetate (1.7%), eugenol (1.6%), allo‐aromadendrene (1.5%), 1,5‐cis‐aromadendr‐9‐ene (1.4%), 1,2‐dehydroviridiflorol (1.4%), geranic acid (1.4%), ambrox (1.4%), 2,2,6-trimethyl cyclohexanone (1.3%), ledol (1.3%), and palustrol (1.2%). \\ Main constituents of the oil were ledene (9.3%), dihydrocinnamic acid (6.5%), labd-7-enoic acid (6.3%), myrtenic acid (6.0%), labd-8(17)-enoic acid (5.1%), palmitic acid (5.1%), viridiflorol (4.3%), cubeban‐11‐ol (4.1%), labd-8-enoic acid (4.0%), decanoic acid (3.8%), octanoic acid (3.7%), myristic acid (2.7%), lauric acid (2.5%), borneol (2.0%), copaborneol (1.8%), bornyl acetate (1.7%), eugenol (1.6%), allo‐aromadendrene (1.5%), 1,5‐cis‐aromadendr‐9‐ene (1.4%), 1,2‐dehydroviridiflorol (1.4%), geranic acid (1.4%), ambrox (1.4%), 2,2,6-trimethyl cyclohexanone (1.3%), ledol (1.3%), and palustrol (1.2%). \\
-Further interesting components were 6-oxo-iso ambrox (0.1%), α-ambrinol (0.2%), carvacrol (0.8%), dehydrocarvacrol (0.2%), cuminaldehyde (0.1%), decanal (0.2%), (E)-beta-ionone (0.2%), massoia lactone (0.1%), nonanal (0.1%), trans-rose oxide (0.1%), cis-rose oxide (0.2%), α-terpineol (0.5%), thymol (0.2%), tuberolactone (0.1%), undecanal (0.2%), undecanoic acid (0.3%), vitispiran A (0.2%), vitispiran B (0.1%) e.g. \\+Further interesting components were 6-oxo-iso ambrox (0.1%), α-ambrinol (0.2%), carvacrol (0.8%), dehydrocarvacrol (0.2%), cuminaldehyde (0.1%), decanal (0.2%), β-ionone (0.2%), massoia lactone (0.1%), nonanal (0.1%), trans-rose oxide (0.1%), cis-rose oxide (0.2%), α-terpineol (0.5%), thymol (0.2%), 2,6,6-trimethyl cyclohex-2-enone (0.3%), tuberolactone (0.1%), undecanal (0.2%), undecanoic acid (0.3%), vitispiran A (0.2%), vitispiran B (0.1%) e.g. \\
 [Weyerstahl, Peter, et al. "Constituents of commercial Labdanum oil." Flavour and Fragrance Journal 13.5 (1998): 295-318] \\ [Weyerstahl, Peter, et al. "Constituents of commercial Labdanum oil." Flavour and Fragrance Journal 13.5 (1998): 295-318] \\
 see also [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/gca/gc1026971.html]] see also [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/gca/gc1026971.html]]
Zeile 24: Zeile 24:
  
 "Labdanum oil is a mixture of ca. 250 compounds... Only ten compounds, i.e., (-)α-pinene, (+)-camphene, pinocarveol, bornyl acetate, borneol, 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone, (Z)-ocimenone, (-)-allo-aromadendrene/(+)-ledene, (+)-ledol, and viridiflorol, occur in concentrations above 1%, however, these do not represent the complex odor profile of the oil. The odor character of labdanum oil is on the contrary determined by a large number of oxygenated trace compounds such as [[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrox|(-)-ambrox]], 6-oxoisoambrox and a decahydronaphthalenol, which are responsible for the distinct ambery character... The smoky-leathery notes and the animalic undertones are caused by a complex of 25 phenols (1.5%)... The character-impact compound of oakmoss, methyl beta-orcinolcarboxylate, is responsible for the powdery, moss-like undertones... Another constituent, 2-methyloctanoic acid, has a strong labdanoic odor on its own, (and) 3,4,4-trimethylcyclopentane-1,2-dione... has a strong celery aroma." \\ "Labdanum oil is a mixture of ca. 250 compounds... Only ten compounds, i.e., (-)α-pinene, (+)-camphene, pinocarveol, bornyl acetate, borneol, 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone, (Z)-ocimenone, (-)-allo-aromadendrene/(+)-ledene, (+)-ledol, and viridiflorol, occur in concentrations above 1%, however, these do not represent the complex odor profile of the oil. The odor character of labdanum oil is on the contrary determined by a large number of oxygenated trace compounds such as [[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrox|(-)-ambrox]], 6-oxoisoambrox and a decahydronaphthalenol, which are responsible for the distinct ambery character... The smoky-leathery notes and the animalic undertones are caused by a complex of 25 phenols (1.5%)... The character-impact compound of oakmoss, methyl beta-orcinolcarboxylate, is responsible for the powdery, moss-like undertones... Another constituent, 2-methyloctanoic acid, has a strong labdanoic odor on its own, (and) 3,4,4-trimethylcyclopentane-1,2-dione... has a strong celery aroma." \\
-[S.Escher, Firmenich SA, unpublished results; cited by Roman Kaiser, Meaningful Scents around the World, Roman Kaiser, Zürich 2006, 313ff]+[S.Escher, Firmenich SA, unpublished results; cited by Roman Kaiser, Meaningful Scents around the World, Roman Kaiser, Zürich 2006, 313ff] \\ 
 +see also [Scent and Chemistry, Günther Ohloff, Wilhelm Pickenhagen, Philip Kraft, Wiley-VCH, 2012, 312-317
  
 |{{:trimethylcyclohexanone.jpg|2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone}} \\ 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone \\ //(thujonic)//| {{:alpha_pinene.jpg|α-pinene}} \\ α-pinene \\ //(pine)//| {{:viridiflorol.jpg| viridiflorol}} \\ viridiflorol  | {{:ambrox.jpg|(-)-ambrox}} \\ (-)-ambrox \\ //(ambergris)// | |{{:trimethylcyclohexanone.jpg|2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone}} \\ 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone \\ //(thujonic)//| {{:alpha_pinene.jpg|α-pinene}} \\ α-pinene \\ //(pine)//| {{:viridiflorol.jpg| viridiflorol}} \\ viridiflorol  | {{:ambrox.jpg|(-)-ambrox}} \\ (-)-ambrox \\ //(ambergris)// |
Zeile 37: Zeile 38:
 [Greche, Hassane, et al. "The volatiles of the leaf oil of Cistus ladanifer L. var. albiflorus and labdanum extracts of moroccan origin and their antimicrobial activities." Journal of Essential Oil Research 21.2 (2009): 166-173] [Greche, Hassane, et al. "The volatiles of the leaf oil of Cistus ladanifer L. var. albiflorus and labdanum extracts of moroccan origin and their antimicrobial activities." Journal of Essential Oil Research 21.2 (2009): 166-173]
  
-"Labdanum is a compley mixture of over 250 ingredients and none of the 10 components that occur in >1.0% amounts does contribute really to the typical smell as detailed in 'Scent and Chemistry'. We mentioned already the fruity 'Egoïste' and the incense part of labdanum. That is backed up by the floral-rosy part around Vitispirane A, rose oxide, dehydrogeraniol, 9-oxodamascone, 2-phenlyethanol and derivatives. As yes, labdanum or ciste is also known as 'gum rockrose'. This rosy side is forming a nice accord with the ambergris block of labdanum around (–)-ambrox, 6-oxo-isoambrox, and (2R,4aS,8aR)-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyldecahydro-naphthalen-2-ol. This is underscored by a hay-like coumarinic part around 8(9)-dehydrocarvacrol and lactones that also can convey a plumy message while being not plumy itself. There are mossy and resinous blocks, but key is as well a leathery animalic block of 25 phenols with 3,5-dimethylsalicylic aldehyde, 6-methyl-2-hydroxy-acetophenone and o-hydroxy cuminal being most important... So labdanum is a perfume in itself already..." \\+"Labdanum is a compley mixture of over 250 ingredients and none of the 10 components that occur in >1.0% amounts does contribute really to the typical smell as detailed in 'Scent and Chemistry'. We mentioned already the fruity 'Egoïste' and the incense part of labdanum. That is backed up by the floral-rosy part around Vitispirane A, rose oxide, dehydrogeraniol, 9-oxodamascone, 2-phenylethanol and derivatives. As yes, labdanum or ciste is also known as 'gum rockrose'. This rosy side is forming a nice accord with the ambergris block of labdanum around (–)-ambrox, 6-oxo-isoambrox, and (2R,4aS,8aR)-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyldecahydro-naphthalen-2-ol. This is underscored by a hay-like coumarinic part around 8(9)-dehydrocarvacrol and lactones that also can convey a plumy message while being not plumy itself. There are mossy and resinous blocks, but key is as well a leathery animalic block of 25 phenols with 3,5-dimethylsalicylic aldehyde, 6-methyl-2-hydroxy-acetophenone and o-hydroxy cuminal being most important... So labdanum is a perfume in itself already..." \\
 [P.Kraft, fb post 2016] [[https://www.facebook.com/ScentChemistry/posts/after-we-saw-a-lot-of-solimolecule-fragrances-around-a-single-synthetic-ingredie/1553159284711080/]] [P.Kraft, fb post 2016] [[https://www.facebook.com/ScentChemistry/posts/after-we-saw-a-lot-of-solimolecule-fragrances-around-a-single-synthetic-ingredie/1553159284711080/]]
  
cistus_ladanifer_l.txt · Zuletzt geändert: 2021/06/03 10:16 von andreas