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Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. - Asteraceae - bái zhú 白术(朮) (chin.), largeheaded atractylodes
Prennial herb, up to 60cm tall, native to China, cultivated there; leaves alternate, 3-5parted, ovate-lanceolate, serrate, upper leaves not parted, 4-10cm long; flowers purplish, terminal.
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200023528
The dried irregularly thick roots, which are used medicinally, have greyish-yellow to brown color, many warty protuberances and wrinkles/furrows and own a somewhat aromatic smell and sweet-pungent taste.
Indications are: „Polyuria, dysuria, stagnant water in the stomach, diarrhoea, oedema, night sweats, vomiting and unstale fetus in pregnancy.
[Medicinal plants in China: a selection of 150 commonly used species., World Health Organization., 1989, 48-49]
„Atractylodes Rhizome is officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala Roidz. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in winter while the lower leaf of the plant turns yellow and the upper leaf becomes fragile, removed from soil, baked or sunned to dryness, and then removed from fibrous root. It is recommended in traditional Chinese Medicine as a digestive, diuretic and antihidrotic.“
http://duiyaoonline.com/herbs/baizhu.htm
„It was commonly considered (Harada 1989) that atractylon is the characteristic component of A. macrocephala. According to this study most samples of A. lancea collected from Jiangsu, the typical area for this medicinal plant, contain atractylon.“
http://www.bgci.org/congress/congress_rio_1992/heshan.html
[Harada, M. (1989). Quantitative components of common medicinal drugs. pp. 221-4. Hirokawa Publishing Co. (In Japanese).]