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Aspalathus linearis (N.L.Burm.) R.Dahlgr. - Fabaceae
rooibos, Rooibos
Erect, much-banched shrub, up to 2m high, native to the western parts of the Western Cape Province in South Africa; stems reddish-brown; leaves dark green, needle-shaped; flowers small, yellow. Cutted and fermented leaves and twigs are used to make healthy beverage. The infusion is also used as antispasmodic.
„The main medicinal use of rooibos tea is as a milk substitute for babies who are prone to cholic.“
[Medicinal Plants of the World. Ben-Erik Van Wyk and Michael Wink, Pretoria 2004, 59]
„Used as a herbal beverage by the indigenous Khoi people since the late 1700s… Aside from
the tea after infusing creating a deep natural red color with a full flavor and body, this herbal tea is caffeine free, has a low tannin content – estimated at 3% in the leaves, is high in antioxidant activity and bioactive phytochemicals… volatile components were reported in the vacuum steam distillate and headspace vapor of traditional rooibos … guaiacol (24%), 6-methyl-3,5-heptadien-2 one isomer (5.2%), damascenone (5%), geranylacetone (4.2%), β-phenylethyl alcohol (4.1%) and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (4%) comprises the major volatile components.“
[Marnewick, Jeanine L. „Rooibos and honeybush: recent advances in chemistry, biological activity and pharmacognosy.“ African Natural Plant Products: New Discoveries and Challenges in Chemistry and Quality. ACS Symposium Series. Vol. 1021. 2009]
http://port-trading.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/newsletter1.pdf
„Most of the individual flavonoids and other phytochemical constituents of rooibos and honeybush are found either exclusively in one or the other plant, i.e. flavan-3-ols, flavones, dihydrochalcones, proanthocyanadins and phenolic acids are predominantly found in rooibos while isoflavones, coumestans, inositols and xanthones predominate in honeybush. Eriodictyol and luteolin are the only individual components identified to date that are common to both plants.“
[A review of the bioactivity of South African herbal teas: rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia intermedia). McKay, Diane L., and Jeffrey B. Blumberg., Phytotherapy Research Vol.21(1), 2007, 1-16]