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Argemone mexicana L. - Papaveraceae
prickly poppy, Mexican poppy, Mexikanischer Stachelmohn, Mexikanische Distel
Annual herb to 1m high, native to central America, cultivated for centuries, naturalized in many tropical and subtropical regions; plant with bright yellow latex; stems, leaves and sepals spiny; leaves usually blotched with paler green; flowers closely subtended by the upper leaves, yellow or cream, 3-6 cm wide.
„A single sample of authenticated A. mexicana seed contained dihydrosanguinarine as the major alkaloid with minor amounts of sanguinarine and berberine, in agreement with earlier studies. Dihydrosanguinarine and dihydrochelerythrine were measured as their oxidized products, sanguinarine and chelerythrine, after U.V. irradiation. A crystalline solid which separates from A. ochroleuca seed oil was shown to contain 11-oxo-octacosanoic acid and 11-oxo-triacontanoic acid, which are also the major components of a similar solid from A. mexicana seed oil. “
[Isoquinoline alkaloids and keto-fatty acids of Argemone ochroleuca and A. mexicana (mexican poppy) seed. I. An assay method and factors affecting their concentration. Fletcher, M. T., Takken, G., Blaney, B. J., & Alberts, V., Crop and Pasture Science, Vol.44(2), 1993, 265-275]
„Fractionation of the chloroform extract from the aerial part of Argemone mexicana led to the isolation of two benzophenanthridine-type alkaloids, N-demethyloxysanguinarine and pancorine; three benzylisoquinoline-type alkaloids, (+)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-(2-hydroxy-methyl-3,4-dimethoxyphenylmethyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyisoquinoline, (+)-higenamine and (+)-reticuline.“
[Cytotoxic benzophenanthridine and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Argemone mexicana. Chang, Y. C., Chang, F. R., Khalil, A. T., Hsieh, P. W., & Wu, Y. C., Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung C, 58(7/8), 2003, 521-526]
„Four quaternary isoquinoline alkaloids, dehydrocorydalmine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, and oxyberberine, have been isolated from the whole plant of Argemone mexicana Linn. (Papaveraceae) and their structures established by spectral evidence.“
[Quaternary Alkaloids of Argemone mexicana. Singh, S.; Singh, T. D.; Singh, V. P.; Pandey, V. B., Pharmaceutical Biology, Vol.48(2), 2010, 158–160]
