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Beide Seiten der vorigen Revision Vorhergehende Überarbeitung Nächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung Nächste Überarbeitung Beide Seiten der Revision | ||
areca_catechu_l [2016/05/18 09:09] andreas |
areca_catechu_l [2016/05/18 09:19] andreas |
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Typical palm with smooth grey trunk, up to 30m high; native to Southeast Asia (Malay Peninsula); bunch of compound leaves at the top; leaves finely pinnate, 3-4m long; paniculate inflorescences in the axils of the leaves; flowers small and inconspicuous, | Typical palm with smooth grey trunk, up to 30m high; native to Southeast Asia (Malay Peninsula); bunch of compound leaves at the top; leaves finely pinnate, 3-4m long; paniculate inflorescences in the axils of the leaves; flowers small and inconspicuous, | ||
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- | contain only male flowers and consequently do not produce nuts. A mature tree in full bearing can have inflorescences containing up to 644 female and 15–48,000 male flowers (Murthy 1977). The male flowers open first. Their sweet scent attracts honeybees and other insects, but these insects do not frequent the female flowers and thus their role as pollinators is doubtful. Several days after the last male flower is shed, the | + | contain only male flowers and consequently do not produce nuts. A mature tree in full bearing can have inflorescences containing up to 644 female and 15-48,000 male flowers (Murthy 1977). The male flowers open first. Their sweet scent attracts honeybees and other insects, but these insects do not frequent the female flowers and thus their role as pollinators is doubtful. Several days after the last male flower is shed, the |
female flowers open. They are fertilized by pollen that is wind-transported from neighboring trees." | female flowers open. They are fertilized by pollen that is wind-transported from neighboring trees." | ||
- | "... many lemon yellow flowers emitting this scent marker of Tekadu. In chemical and olfactory terms, this scent is mainly based on methyl benzoate, methyl salicylate and its methylated product, comparatively high levels of lavandulol and ist acetate, geraniol, 2-phenylethyl alcohol and its acetate, and beta-ionone." | + | " |
**Areca catechu seeds**, areca nut, Semen Arecae, Arecae semen, Betelnuss [JP XII, CRC] \\ | **Areca catechu seeds**, areca nut, Semen Arecae, Arecae semen, Betelnuss [JP XII, CRC] \\ | ||
Definition. Areca nuts are the fresh seeds from the Betel-nut palm, Areca catechu. The very hard brown nuts are flattened spherical or nearly spherical, up to 3cm in diameter. The taste is astringent and slightly bitter. | Definition. Areca nuts are the fresh seeds from the Betel-nut palm, Areca catechu. The very hard brown nuts are flattened spherical or nearly spherical, up to 3cm in diameter. The taste is astringent and slightly bitter. | ||
- | Constituents. Alkaloids, including 0.3-0.6% arecoline; tannins (15-18%), fat (14-18%) and carbohydrates. | + | Constituents. Alkaloids, including 0.3-0.6% arecoline; tannins (15-18%), fat (14-18%) and carbohydrates. |
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Uses. Areca seed is used for centuries as mild psychostimulant, | Uses. Areca seed is used for centuries as mild psychostimulant, | ||
Side effects. The coloring matter present in the seeds turns the saliva bright red. Excessive use for years may stain the teeth red-brown to nearly black. Salivation and inappetence occur. Betel use is associated with oral leukoplakia, | Side effects. The coloring matter present in the seeds turns the saliva bright red. Excessive use for years may stain the teeth red-brown to nearly black. Salivation and inappetence occur. Betel use is associated with oral leukoplakia, |