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Allium ursinum L. - Liliaceae - bear garlic, ramsons, gypsy onion, wood garlic, Bärlauch, Bären-Lauch, Rams
Perennial herb, up to 50cm high, native to Europe and Western Asia, cultivated in Europe; leaves basal, long-petioled, elliptic-lanceolate; inflorescence a rich-blossomed umbel; flowers pure white.
„The leaves of A. ursinum are edible; they can be used as salad, herb, boiled as a vegetable, in soup, or as an ingredient for pesto in lieu of basil.“
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium_ursinum
„Dipropenyldisulfide, methylpropenyldisulfide, cis-propenylpropyldisulfide, diallylsulfide, dimethyldisulfide and 3-methylthiopropene were detected in the atmosphere of a beech forest with Allium ursinum (broad-leaved garlic) ground cover plants. Furthermore, it was shown that the Allium plants were the source of the organic sulfur compounds. The atmospheric concentrations of the organic sulfur observed on one day in May 1994 in a suburban forest in Vienna ranged from 0.3 to 7.8 ppb S with an average level of 2.9 ppb S. The atmospheric emission rate of organic sulfur species from A. ursinum determined with an enclosure box was the highest ever reported for terrestrial continental plants.“
[Observation of dipropenyldisulfide and other organic sulfur compounds in the atmosphere of a beech forest with Allium ursinum ground cover., Puxbaum, H., König, G., Atmospheric Environment, Vol.31(2), 1997, 291-294]
„The quality and quantity of volatiles significantly depended on the time of harvest. The highest amounts of volatile precursors can be gained in March and April, shortly before flowering time (up to 0.4% of total cysteine sulfoxides). The main cysteine sulfoxides were alliin and isoalliin. It has been found that alliinase of A. ursinum exhibited properties similar to those of alliinase of garlic (Allium sativum L.), but differing in terms of substrate specificity.“
[Chemical characterization of Allium ursinum L. depending on harvesting time., Schmitt, B., Schulz, H., Storsberg, J., Keusgen, M., Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Vol.53(18), 2005, 7288-7294]
Lindman, C.A.M., Bilder ur Nordens Flora, vol.2, t.387 (1922-1926)
http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=41608