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Allium sativum L. - Liliaceae - (common) garlic, Knoblauch

Perennial herb, up to 90cm tall, only known in cultutr, cultivated nearly everywhere; bulbs with several parts or cloves, all inclosed in a silky white or pink general envelope; scape exceeding leaves; leaves several, arising near together at the soil-surface, blades flat, keeled on the back; umbel erect, producing ovoid bulblets and a few flowers, the involucre deciduous in one piece, terminating in the beak 3-10cm.

„The effect of aqueous garlic extract on the macromolecular synthesis of Candida albicans was studied. Protein and nucleic acid syntheses were inhibited to the same extent as growth, but lipid synthesis was completely arrested. Blockage of lipid synthesis is likely an important component of the anticandidal activity of garlic.“
[Allium sativum (garlic) inhibits lipid synthesis by Candida albicans., Adetumbi, M., Javor, G.T., Lau, B. H., Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Vol.30(3), 1986, 499-501]

„Allicin, one of the active principles of freshly crushed garlic homogenates, has a variety of antimicrobial activities. Allicin in its pure form was found to exhibit i) antibacterial activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including multidrug-resistant enterotoxicogenic strains of Escherichia coli; ii) antifungal activity, particularly against Candida albicans; iii) antiparasitic activity, including some major human intestinal protozoan parasites such as Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia; and iv) antiviral activity. The main antimicrobial effect of allicin is due to its chemical reaction with thiol groups of various enzymes, e.g. alcohol dehydrogenase, thioredoxin reductase, and RNA polymerase, which can affect essential metabolism of cysteine proteinase activity involved in the virulence of E. histolytica.“
[Antimicrobial properties of allicin from garlic., Ankri, S., Mirelman, D., Microbes and infection, Vol.1(2), 1999, 125-129]

Woodville, W., Medical botany, vol.3, t.168 (1793)
http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=41121