Sideritis scardica Griseb. - Lamiaceae - ironwort, (Greek) mountain tea, Olympus tea, **Griechischer Bergtee**

Perennial herb, native (endemic) to the Balkan Peninsula (Southwest Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria). 

"The generic name Sideritis originated from the Greek word sideros (iron), related to the ability of plants of that genus to heal wounds of cold steel, a property known already in the 16th century. The generic epithet
scardica reflected the locality of material for which the species of Grisebach was described for the first time, namely Mt Scardo in Macedonia." \\
[Estimation of the status of representative populations of Sideritis scardica Griseb. in the Rhodopi Mts., Yordanova, М., Apostolova, I., Phytologia Balcanica, Vol.6(1), 2000, 43-57] \\
[[http://www.bio.bas.bg/~phytolbalcan/2000-6-1/2000-6-1-04.pdf]]

"Regarding the DPPH-scavengingcapacity of the S. scardica extracts tested and high total phenolcontent, it could be hypothesized that its anti-inflammatory effect in the model of carrageenan-induced acute inflammation isa consequence, at least partly, of their flavonols and phenolcar-bonic acid content. Based on the mentioned investigations, our assumption addressed phenolic compounds as the potential carriers of antiinflammatory activity of investigated extracts.The results of the present study demonstrated that the investigated S. scardica extracts offered significant protection againstthe ulcerogenic effect of absolute ethanol in rats, and that this effect was very close to that achieved by the current antiulcer drug ranitidine." \\
[Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of Sideritis scardica extracts., Tadić, V. M., Djordjević, S., Arsić, I., Dobrić, S., Milenković, M., Antić-Stanković, J., Planta Medica, Vol.73(09), 2007, P_098] \\
[[http://www.academia.edu/3350921/Anti-inflammatory_and_antimicrobial_activity_of_Sideritis_scardica_extracts]]

"Sideritis scardica Griseb., Lamiaceae (ironwort, mountain tea), an endemic plant of the Balkan Peninsula, has been used in traditional medicine in the treatment of antimicrobial infections, gastrointestinal complaints, inflammation and rheumatic disorders... Aerial parts of “mountain tea” are traditionally known for their anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-rheumatic and gastroprotective properties. S. scardica is used as a loosening agent in bronchitis and bronchial asthma, against common cold and lung emphysema, as well...\\
According to the previously published data, in the Macedonian S. scardica essential oil, the most abundant compound was [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1384351.html|α-cadinol]], whereas in the oil of Bulgarian origin the main components were diterpenic compounds and octadecanol (over 20%). In our sample, diterpenes constituted a significant percentage; with octadecanol representing only 0.21% in oil. The most abundant compounds were hexadecanoic acid, myristicin, menthol, caryophyllene oxide, and [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1103341.html|τ-muurolol]] (12.92, 5.23, 4.90, 4.84, and 3.62%, respectively)." \\
[Chemical and antimicrobial evaluation of supercritical and conventional Sideritis scardica Griseb., Lamiaceae extracts., Tadić, V., Bojović, D., Arsić, I., Đorđević, S., Aksentijevic, K., Stamenić, M., Janković, S., Molecules, Vol.17(3), 2012, 2683-2703] \\
[[http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/17/3/2683/pdf]]

"Sideritis scardiaca...  extracts inhibited the uptake of all three monoamines into rat brain synaptosomes by their respective transporters, the alcoholic extracts being more effective than the water extract. EC50 values were in the range of 30–40 μg/ml. Inhibition of the human serotonin transporter by the methanol extract was even more effective (EC50 1.4 μg/ml)... The pharmacological profile of S. scardica extracts as triple monoamine reuptake inhibitors suggests their use in the phytochemical therapy of mental disorders associated with a malfunctioning monoaminergic neurotransmission, such as anxiety disorders, major depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, mental impairment or neurodegenerative diseases." \\
[Extracts of Sideritis scardica as triple monoamine reuptake inhibitors., Knörle, R.,  Journal of Neural Transmission, Vol.119(12), 2012, 1477-1482]

"The summary of pharmacological investigations showed that they have been focused mainly on the activity of different extracts with organic solvents. However, since infusion and decoction are traditionally used, the study of aqueous extracts would be of remarkable importance. It should be noted that pharmacological studies are quite limited despite the large number of isolated individual compounds. Future research should be directed to bioguided isolation of individual compounds or chemical class of compounds responsible for the most promising pharmacological activities (anemia, kidney disease, prostate inflammation, prostatic hyperplasia, Alzheimer diseases) besides those known in the traditional medicine. In addition, the scientific verification of relation between pharmacological effects and traditional uses of Sideritis scardica needs further research. The toxicity and the side effects from the use of Sideritis scardica also have to be investigated. Clinical trials are also needed." \\
[Sideritis scardica Griseb., an endemic species of Balkan peninsula: Traditional uses, cultivation, chemical composition, biological activity., Todorova, M., Trendafilova, A., Journal of ethnopharmacology, Vol.152(2), 2014, 256-265]