Lonicera japonica Thunb. - Caprifoliaceae - Japanese honeysuckle, **Japanisches Geißblatt**

Semievergreen vine, flowers fragrant; native to Japan, Korea, eastern China, naturalized and invasive in Australia, New Zealand, the Americas.

Corolla white, later yellow-white: var. japonica; Corolla purple outside, white inside: var. chinensis. \\
[[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200022324]]

"...the important components that characterize the volatiles of honeysuckle flowers were recognized to be linalool, (Z)-jasmone, (Z)-jasmin lactone, methyl jasmonate, and methyl epi-jasmonate. In addition, changes of the volatile components emitted from the living flowers throughout the whole day were investigated by dynamic headspace analysis..." \\
[Volatile components of honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) flowers.  Ikeda, N., Ishihara, M., Tsuneya, T., Kawakita, M., Yoshihara, M., Suzuki, Y., ... & Inui, M., Flavour and fragrance journal, 9(6), (1994), 325-331]

The headspace of the flowers was analyzed with HS-SPME and GC-MS. Main components were linalool (81.7%), nerolidol (4.4%), germacrene D (3.7%), hexenyl tiglate (2.5%), indole (1.8%), and decanal (0.7%). \\
[Miyake, Takashi, Ryohei Yamaoka, and Tetsukazu Yahara. "Floral scents of hawkmoth-pollinated flowers in Japan." Journal of Plant Research 111.2 (1998): 199-205.] [[http://www.biology.kyushu-u.ac.jp/~ecology/yahara/publication/Miyake&al1998FloralScents.pdf]]

| {{:jasmone_cis.jpg| (Z)-jasmone }} \\ (Z)-jasmone | {{:indole.jpg| indole}} \\ indole | {{:jasmine_lactone.jpg| jasmine lactone}} \\ jasmine lactone | {{:jasmonate_methyl_m.jpg| methyl jasmonate}} \\ methyl trans-(Z)-jasmonate | {{:jasmonate_methyl_epi.jpg| (+)-epi-methyl jasmonate }} \\ methyl cis (Z)-jasmonate | {{:vanillin.jpg| vanillin}} \\ vanillin | 

Analysis of the headspace of L.japonica var.chinensis showed linalool as main constituent (71%), (E)-ocimene (8%), jasmone (0.3%), indole (0.3%), jasmine lactone (0.23%), methyl trans (Z)-jasmonate (0.03%), methyl cis (Z)-jasmonate (0.06%), vanillin (0.01%). \\
[Meaningful Scents around the World, Roman Kaiser, Zürich 2006, 242-243] 

{{lonicera_japonica.jpg?600}} \\
Lonicera japonica var. japonica \\
Botanical Register, vol.1 t.70 (1815) [S.Edwards] \\

{{lonicera_chinensis.jpg?600}} \\
Lonicera japonica var.chinensis as Lonicera chinensis P. Watson \\
Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, t.3290-3373, vol.61 [ser.2, vol.8] t.3316 (1834) [S.M.Curtis] \\
[[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=618618]]

{{http://www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at/Bilder/Konica_4/PICT1437.JPG}} \\
Lonicera japonica © Rolf Marschner (2007),  
[[http://botanische-spaziergaenge.at/viewtopic.php?f=558&t=3099| www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at]]