Dendrobium catenatum Lindl. syn. Dendrobium officinale Kimura & Migo - Orchidaceae - 黄石斛 huang shi hu, 铁皮石斛 tie pi shi hu (chin.)

Critically endangered epiphytic or lithophytic orchid; native to China. \\
[[https://www.monaconatureencyclopedia.com/dendrobium-catenatum-2/?lang=en]]

"Flowers spreading; sepals and petals yellowish green, pale yellowish white, or white, often turning creamy yellow later, mentum white tinged yellowish green, lip white or pale yellow, with a reddish or reddish brown transverse mark, with a green or yellow basal callus, with purplish red stripes on both sides below middle, disk with a purplish red transverse spot above middle, column greenish white or yellowish green, with a purple spot on each side at apex, foot yellowish green with purplish red stripes, middle with an eggplant-purple spot, anther cap cream-colored, sometimes with a purple tip." \\
[[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242317237]]

Flowers of D. officinale have received increasing attention due to their unique aroma. "A combined solid phase microextraction and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation method were used to accurately capture the overall aromatic profile. Exactly 34 odorants were detected and identified by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) coupled with gas chromatography/olfactometry−mass spectrometry (GC/O−MS) in DFF, of which nine odorants had a flavor dilution (FD) factor ≥27. All 34 odorants were further quantified. The odor activity values (OAVs) were calculated with the highest value of 7444, in which 18 compounds were confirmed to be key odorants." \\
Using an omission/addition approach, 18 components formed a characteristic model aroma of D.officinale (ppm/OAV): 1-octen-3-ol (11166/7444), hexanal (29086/5817), nonanal (3992/2629), phenylacetaldehyde (19710/3129), linalool (7799/1300), (3Z)-hexenol (26865/134), heptanal (1158/414), α-pinene (5558/397), benzyl alcohol (19671/8), 2-phenylethanol (73979/131), 4-oxoisophorone (3137/125), methyl salicylate (939/23), decanal (880/293), carvacrol (2893/145), theaspirane (8217/4109), vanillin (10197/192), and dihydroactinidiolide (682/179). \\ 
[Yang, Yu-Han, Jie Zhao, and Zhi-Zhi Du. "Unravelling the key aroma compounds in the characteristic fragrance of Dendrobium officinale flowers for potential industrial application." Phytochemistry 200 (2022): 113223]

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"The stem is the most commonly used part of D. officinale. “Tiepi Fengdou” made from the fresh stem of D. officinale by heating and twisting, has been listed in the “Chinese Pharmacopoeia” as a precious traditional Chinese medicine. Modern pharmacological studies have also revealed that D. officinale possess hypoglycemic (Chen et al., 2020), anti-tumor (Liang et al., 2019), anti-inflammatory (Yang et al., 2020), and immunomodulatory effects (Wei et al., 2016). The multiple benefits are due to its complex bioactive components, including alkaloids, flavonoids, bibenzyls, polysaccharides, and other constituents (Chen et al., 2021)." \\
[Yang, Yu-Han, Jie Zhao, and Zhi-Zhi Du. "Unravelling the key aroma compounds in the characteristic fragrance of Dendrobium officinale flowers for potential industrial application." Phytochemistry 200 (2022): 113223]

Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. "Property: Sweet, slightly cold; stomach and kidney meridians entered.
Actions: Tonify the stomach and promote the secretion of body fluids, nourish yin and clear heat. Indications: Body fluid impairment due to fever, polydipsia with thrist, deficiency in stomach-yin, hectic fever due to yin-deficiency." \\
[[https://tcmwiki.com/wiki/%E9%93%81%E7%9A%AE%E7%9F%B3%E6%96%9B]]

{{https://images.mobot.org/efloras/FloraIllustration/foci25/foci-25-502.jpg}} \\
Dendrobium catenatum (4-9) Flora of China Illustrations 

{{dendrobium_officinale.jpg}} \\
Dendrobium catenatum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 84 (1830). But be still left as Dendrobium officinale.  Author: [[https://www.flickr.com/people/25064784@N00|snotch]] from Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan (2017) [[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dendrobium_officinale_Kimura_%26_Migo_J._Shanghai_Sci._Inst._3-_122_(1936)_(33547665894).jpg|Wikimedia Commons]] [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en|CC-BY-SA 2.0]]