Tinkturenpresse

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Lolium perenne L. - Poaceae - perennial ryegrass, English ryegrass, Ausdauernder Lolch, Ausdauerndes Weidelgras, Englisches Raygras 

"Perennial ryegrass is native to Europe, the Middle East, North Africa and eastwards to central Asia. As a useful species of grass for fodder and grazing livestock, it has been taken by farmers settling in new areas including North America, South Africa and Australia." [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lolium_perenne|wikipedia]]

"Target and post-targeted methods were applied in the investigation of trace-level volatile compounds in fresh turf crop (Lolium perenne L.) based on gas chromatography in combination with hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. According to literatures published, a target analysis was performed by using retention index, accurate masses of characteristic ions and second-stage mass spectra (MS2 spectra). And a series of experiments showed that low electron impact energy was beneficial to the improvement of the abundances of low abundance molecular ion peak. Enhancing the abundances of low abundance molecular ion peak was beneficial to qualitative analysis. Totally, 60 volatile compounds were identified, the great majority compounds of which were benzeneacetaldehyde (14.8%), [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1008141.html|2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine]] (9.6%), and hexanal (9.3%)." \\
[Hong, Saisai, et al. "Analysis of trace‐level volatile compounds in fresh turf crop (Lolium perenne L.) by gas chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry." Chinese Journal of Chemistry 31.10 (2013): 1329-1335] 

"...endophyte infected and non-infected plants emitted most abundantly two GLVs ((Z)-3-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate), three terpenes (linalool, (Z)-ocimene, beta-caryophyllene) and three shikimic acid pathway derivatives (benzyl acetate, indole, and methyl salicylate)." \\
[Pańka, Dariusz, et al. "Production of phenolics and the emission of volatile organic compounds by perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)/Neotyphodium lolii association as a response to infection by Fusarium poae." Journal of Plant Physiology 170.11 (2013): 1010-1019]

{{:coumarin.jpg| coumarin }}  coumarin

Main volatile compounds found in a commercial hay absolute of Lolium perenne (IFF/Perfumiarz, Poland) were neophytadiene (0.8%), (E)-nerolidol (0.2%), coumaran (0.4%), ethyl palmitate (0.7%), dihydrocoumarin (0.9%), coumarin (29.2%), ethyl linolenate (0.7%), ethyl linolenate (1.8%), phytol (2.3%), ethyl melilotate (0.8%), palmitic acid ( 17.0%), alpha amyrin (36.5%), and squalene (1.2%). \\
[GC-MS of 'Hay absolute (Lolium perenne)' IFF/Perfumiarz; Andreas Kraska 2022] 


{{:lolium_masclef.jpg}} \\
Masclef, A., Atlas des plantes de France, vol.3, t.388, f. B (1893) [[http://www.plantillustrations.org/species.php?id_species=616944|plantillustrations.org]]

{{:lolium_per.jpg}}\\
Lolium perenne, Kiev, Ukraine (2025) © Alexander Baransky [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/|CC BY-SA 4.0]] [[https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=52801|inaturalist.org]]