Tinkturenpresse

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Dianthus superbus L. - Caryophyllaceae - fringed pink, oeillet superbe (fr.), **Prachtnelke**

Perennial herb, up to 60(-80)cm tall, native from Southeastern Europe (France) to Eastern Asia (China, Japan); leaves green to glaucous, linear-lanceolate, 5-10cm long; flowers terminal, sometimes axillary, calyx usually reddish purple, cylindric, 2.5-3cm long, bracts 4 (6) ca. 1/4 as long as calyx; five deeply cut fringed petals, pale pink to lavender; flowers sweetly scented; seeds black, glossy, compressed ovoid, ca. 2mm. \\
[[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200007039]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dianthus_superbus|wikipedia]]

The floral scent of D.superbus was dominated by only two compounds: (Z)-β-ocimene (49.8%), and β-caryophyllene (23.5%). Minor components were (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate (0.6%), methyl benzoate (1.8%), methyl salicylate (1.7%), dimethyl salicylate (2.0%), cis-asarone (1.1%), and β-pinene (1.1%) e.g. \\
[Jürgens, Andreas, Taina Witt, and Gerhard Gottsberger. "Flower scent composition in Dianthus and Saponaria species (Caryophyllaceae) and its relevance for pollination biology and taxonomy." Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 31.4 (2003): 345-357] [[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.585.2230&rep=rep1&type=pdf|PDF]]

|{{:caryophyllene.jpg}} \\ caryophyllene|{{:vanillin.jpg| vanillin}} \\ vanillin |{{:isoeugenol.jpg| isoeugenol}} \\ isoeugenol |{{e23dihydrofarnesol.jpg| (E)-2,3-dihydrofarnesol}} \\ (E)-2,3-dihydrofarnesol| {{:methylbenzoate.jpg|}} \\ methyl benzoate |

Main components of the haedspace of Dianthus superbus ssp. alpestris were (E)-ocimene (43.2%) and caryophyllene (25.5%). The scent is not clove-like but warm-aromatic floral, based on benzyl salicylate (0.02%), vanillin (0.03%), (E)-isoeugenol (0.03%), (E)-2,3-dihydrofarnesol (0.9%), (E)-2,3-dihydrofarnesal (0.1%), methylisoeugenol (0.3%), methyl salicylate (4.1%) and methyl benzoate (4.6%). \\
[Scent of a vanishing flora, Roman Kaiser, 2011, 187 and 348-349] 

Emitted scent compounds in Dianthus superbus were (nmol/gFW): β-ocimene (77.5), β-caryophyllene (17.7), benzaldehyde (0.5), benzyl alcohol (trace), benzyl benzoate (0.5), methyl salicylate (3.7), α-humulene (0.4), limonene (1.8), myrcene (3.8), (Z)-3-hexenol (0.1), (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate (2.9), and (Z)-3-hexenyl benzoate (trace) e.g. \\
[Kishimoto, Kyutaro, et al. "Evaluation of wild Dianthus species as genetic resources for fragrant carnation breeding based on their floral scent composition." Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 80.2 (2011): 175-181] [[https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjshs1/80/2/80_2_175/_pdf|PDF]]

{{:dianthus_superbus.jpg?600}} \\
D. superbus L.; Dietrich, A.G., Flora regni borussici, vol.3 t.196 (1835) 
[[http://botanicalillustrations.org/species.php?id_species=335730|botanicalillustrations.org]]

{{http://www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at/Bilder/Lumix_1/P1050081.JPG}} \\
Dianthus superbus subsp. superbus © Rolf Marschner (2008)   
[[http://botanische-spaziergaenge.at/viewtopic.php?f=291&t=728| www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at]]