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--- telosma_cordata_burm._f._merr [2015/06/13 09:40] – Externe Bearbeitung 127.0.0.1
+++ telosma_cordata_burm._f._merr [2025/10/17 13:51] (aktuell) – andreas
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 Telosma cordata (Burm. f.) Merr. - syn.Asclepias cordata Burm. f.; Pergularia odoratissima (Lour.) Sm.; Telosma odoratissima (Lour.) Coville - Apocynaceae \\
-Chinese violet, fragrant telosma, Tonkin jasmine, pakalana vine, (hoa) thiên lý (vietn.), fragrancia nocturna (span.), parfum nocturne (fr.)
+Chinese violet, fragrant telosma, Tonkin jasmine, pakalana vine, (hoa) thiên lý (vietn.), fragrancia nocturna (span.), parfum nocturne (fr.), **Pakalana**, Chinesisches Veilchen
 Perennial climber, up to 10m long, native to Vietnam and China, naturalized and cultivated elsewhere; leaves cordate; flowers in 15-30 flowered umbellate cymes, golden yellow, fragrant (especially at night). \\
-[Telosma cordata., Lim, T.K. , In Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants, Springer Netherlands, 2014, 107-110]
+[Telosma cordata., Lim, T.K. , Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants, Springer Netherlands, 2014, 107-110]
-"The flower buds are used in Southern Chinese cuisine, Vietnamese cuisine and Northern Thai cuisine, where they are stir-fried or boiled in broth." \\
+"The flower buds are used in Southern Chinese cuisine, Vietnamese cuisine and Northern Thai cuisine, where they are stir-fried or boiled in broth." [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telosma_cordata|wikipedia]]
-[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telosma_cordata]]
-"The essential oil of Telosma cordata Merrill flowers growing in Hawaii was prepared by simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) and analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A total of 43 compounds were identified. Geraniol, β-ionone, dihydro-β-ionone, dihydro-β-ionol, and cis- and trans-theaspirane were found to make a major contribution to the characteristic scent of this flower." \\
+|{{:geraniol.jpg| geraniol }} \\ geraniol |{{:ionone_beta.jpg| β-ionone}} \\ β-ionone |{{:dihydroionone_beta.jpg| dihydro-β-ionone}} \\ dihydro-β-ionone |{{:theaspirane.jpg| theaspirane}} \\ theaspirane A/B |
+Main components of the essential oil (simultaneous distillation and extraction, SDE) of Telosma cordata flowers growing in Hawaii were acetaldehyde (3.3%), ethyl acetate (5.1%), 1,8-cineole (2.8%), acetoin 0.9%), nonanal (2.2%), acetic acid (8.4%), cis- and trans-theaspirane (1.1/0.3%), geraniol (14.3%), β-ionone (14.5%), α-terpineol (2.6%), dihydro-β-ionone (3.1%), dihydro-β-ionol (0.25%), and cis,trans-farnesol (2.1%). \\
 [Volatile components of Telosma cordata Merrill flowers., Aral, T., Hashimoto, S., Furukawa, K., Flavour and fragrance journal, Vol.8(4), 1993, 221-223]
-{{:telosma_cordata.jpg?500}} \\
+"Chinese immigrants introduced pakalana to Hawaii in the late 1800s. Prized for their fragrance, the flowers are strung into leis and presented on special occasions. Opening greenish and aging to yellow-orange, the five-part flowers are 15 to 20 mm long and 12 to 15 mm wide at the corolla. They are borne axially in clusters of two to 20 during the spring and summer in Hawaii." \\
+[Criley, Richard A. "Temperature influences flowering of Pakalana (Telosma cordata Merrill) under long days." HortScience 30.3 (1995): 482-483]
+{{:telosma_cor.jpg}} \\
+Telosma cordata, Kaeng Khoi District, Thailand (2024) © Setthawut Yon-in [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/|CC BY-SA 4.0]] [[https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=426800|inaturalist.org]]
+{{:telosma_cordata.jpg?600}} \\
 Degener, O., Flora Hawaiiensis, the new illustrated flora of the Hawaiian islands, (1932-1980) \\
 [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=1003154]]
-{{https://typicalgardener.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/img_6869.jpg}} \\
-picture source [[https://typicalgardener.wordpress.com/2011/07/03/telosma-cordata/|typicalgardner blog]]