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--- santalum_album_l [2022/01/12 22:12] – andreas
+++ santalum_album_l [2025/04/14 09:47] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 13: / Zeile 13: @@
 [[https://www.kellyablard.com/sustainability/threatened-east-indian-sandalwood-santalum-album-thrives-in-australia/]]
-"The analysis of odour components in East Indian Sandalwood Oil (Santalum album L.)... based on GC-, GC-FTIR- and GC-MS-data resulted in the identification of α-santalene, α-santalal, β-santalal, epi-β-santalal, α-santalol, β-santalol, (E)-β-santalol, α-bergamotol and  spirosantalol in Sandalwood Oil... as the most intense aroma compounds of these oils." \\
+Based on GC-MS-, GC-FTIR-, and GC-O-data of odour components in East Indian Sandalwood Oil (Santalum album L.), α-santalene, α-santalal, β-santalal, epi-β-santalal, α-santalol, (Z)-β-santalol, (E)-β-santalol, α-bergamotol and  spirosantalol have been found to be the most intense aroma compounds of these oils. \\
 [GC-FTIR and GC-MS in odour analysis of essential oils., Nikiforov, A., Jirovetz, L., Buchbauer, G., Raverdino, V., Microchimica Acta, Vol.95(1-6), 1988, 193-198]
 To identify the compounds evoking the characteristic aroma components of sandalwood oil, an aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) was applied. Among the nineteen aroma-active compounds detected by gas chromatography-olfactometry and AEDA in the flavor dilution (FD) factor range of 2-1024, α-santalene (FD 2) and β-santalene (FD 2) showed only low FD factors. (+)-(Z)-α-santalol (512) and (-)-(Z)-β-santalol (1024) showed the highest FD factors. Cyclosantalal (FD 32) and epi-cyclosantalal (FD 16) seem to be sensoric relevant (green-aldehydic, watery woody) components of sandalwood oil. \\
-[Neue, geruchsaktive Inhaltsstoffe von Sandelholzöl, Teil 1. Isolierung und Strukturaufklärung von Cyclosantalal und epi-Cyclosantalal., Brunke, E.J., Schmaus, G., Dragoco Report, 42, 1995, 197-217]
+[Neue, geruchsaktive Inhaltsstoffe von Sandelholzöl, Teil 1. Isolierung und Strukturaufklärung von Cyclosantalal und epi-Cyclosantalal., Brunke, E.J., Schmaus, G., Dragoco Report, 5, 1995, 197-217]
+GC-O, aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) and partial synthesis showed nor-α-trans-bergamotenone (<0.01%; FD 1024; fatty-nutty milky sandalwood-like) as one of the most intense aroma components of sandalwood oil. Other trace components like nor-β-santalenone (FD 128; fatty sandalwood-like) and nor-α-santalenone (FD 64; woody ionone-like) contribute to the overall impression of the scent of the oil. \\
+[Neue, geruchsaktive Inhaltsstoffe von Sandelholzöl, Teil 2. Isolierung, Strukturaufklärung von Partialsynthese von Nor-α-trans-Bergamotenon., Brunke, E. J., Schmaus, G. "" Dragoco Rep 6 (1995): 245-257] see also: \\
+"The fatty, oily organoleptic properties of (-)-1, strong compared to nor-α-, nor-β-, and nor-epi-β-santalenone, allow its possible application for the reconstitution of sandalwood essential oil top notes, despite the fact that (-)-1 itself does not possess any woody, sandalwood-like character."
+[Chapuis, Christian, et al. "Preparation and Absolute Configuration of (−)‐(E)‐α‐trans‐Bergamotenone." Helvetica chimica acta 81.1 (1998): 153-162]
 "On GC sniffing (Column: DBWax) of East Indian Sandalwood oil a compound in very low concentration with a strongly flowery, very pleasant odor reminiscent of lily of-the-valley is discernible by sensory means. This compound is [[http://www.leffingwell.com/chirality/isobetabisabolol.htm|iso-beta-bisabolol]]." \\
 [Schmaus, G., Meier, M., Braun, N., Hoelscher, B., Pickenhagen, W. (2004). U.S. Patent Application No. 10/483,276]
-|{{:santalol_alpha.jpg| (Z)-α-santalol }} \\ (Z)-α-santalol \\ //(woody, cedarwood)// |{{:santalol_beta.jpg| (Z)-β-santalol }} \\ [[http://www.leffingwell.com/chirality/santalol.htm|(Z)-β-santalol]] \\ //(typical sandalwood, milky, urinous)// |{{:isobetabisabolol.png| iso-beta-bisabolol}} \\ iso-β-bisabolol \\ //(pleasant flowery, muguet)// |
+|{{:santalol_alpha.jpg| (Z)-α-santalol }} \\ (Z)-α-santalol \\ //(woody, cedarwood)// |{{:santalol_beta.jpg| (Z)-β-santalol }} \\ [[http://www.leffingwell.com/chirality/santalol.htm|(Z)-β-santalol]] \\ //(typical sandalwood, milky, urinous)// |{{:noralphatransbergamotenone.png|nor-trans-alpha-bergamotenone}} \\ nor-α-trans-bergamotenone \\ //(fatty-nutty milky)// |{{:isobetabisabolol.png| iso-beta-bisabolol}} \\ iso-β-bisabolol \\ //(pleasant flowery, muguet)// |
 "Wood of Santalum album and resin of Boswellia carterii Birdw. were used to obtain their volatile oils by means of supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide... The main compounds contained in the sandalwood volatile oil were: α-santalol (46.1%), β-santalol (20.4%), epi-β-santalol (6.8%) and trans-α-bergamotol (5.4%). In the corresponding HD essential oil the α-santalol and β-santalol contents were lower: 35.0% and 14.0%, respectively." \\